Orbital Cellulitis with Endogenous Panophthalmitis Caused by Methicillin-Sensitive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in Pregnancy

Abstract

Orbital cellulitis along with panophthalmitis is a rare occurrence, most commonly being trauma-related or endogenous (1). Panophthalmitis is a purulent inflammation of all the coats of the eyes and the intraocular contents, resulting from either an endogenous or exogenous source of infection. In this communication, we describe a case in a 25-year-old female, in the second trimester of her pregnancy, who developed orbital cellulitis and panophthalmitis caused by methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), with the primary source of infection being cellulitis on her forearm following an intravenous injection. During pregnancy, generalized sepsis (in general) and orbital infections (in specific) are uncommon and must be treated promptly and adequately; at the same time, caution must be exercised due to the potentially adverse effects of therapeutic interventions on the unborn child. Institutional Review Board approval and written, informed consent from the patient for photography and publication were obtained prior to preparation of this manuscript.A 25-year-old female patient, in her second trimester of pregnancy, presented with complaints of sudden on-

Aeromonas hydrophila orbital cellulitis as post cesarean sepsis—An unthinkable eye opener

“…Immunosuppression of some form has been seen in all previously reported cases. 7 In our patient, being pregnant and in an immunocompromised state along with anemia, thrombocytopenia, deranged liver enzymes, gestational diabetes, a history of high myopia, hypoproteinemia, emergency cesarean section in view of failed induction of labor and prolonged leaking were important high risk factors which predisposed her to fulminant life threatening infection.…”

Case Report: Orbital cellulitis with panophthalmitis during pregnancy: a rare case in Bangladesh

“…Panophthalmitis with concurrent orbital cellulitis is rare and has a low likelihood of saving globe, with all earlier documented cases necessitating evisceration or enucleation. 1 Under the prior treatment regimen, we chose to eviscerate the left eye and send the ocular samples for microbiological examination, which came back positive for MSSA despite a positive blood culture. 2-8% of all cases of EE belongs to the endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis (EBE).…”

“…Panophthalmitis is a severe form of inflammation of all eye coverings and intraocular contents from an internal or external source. 1 There are no reports regarding orbital cellulitis with panophthalmitis other than endogenous endophthalmitis (EE). However, EE during pregnancy is extremely rare.…”

Pathology of Gangrene

“…Endophthalmitis represents bacterial or fungal infection of the eyeball, as an acute illness (medical emergency) having up to a few days duration [62][63][64]. Patients complain of blurred vision, red eye, pain, and lid swelling.…”