Orbicularis oculi myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of postburn lower eyelid ectropion

Orbicularis Oculi Myocutaneous Flap for Upper Cicatricial Ectropion

“…Timely treatment is of vital importance to close the eyelid to prevent corneal exposure and possible corneal ulcers. 6 It is currently accepted that there exists no standard technique for upper cicatricial ectropion. That is why plastic surgeons keep exploring various techniques from skin grafts to regional or distant flaps in this regard.…”

Reconstruction of Lower Eyelid Retraction or Ectropion Using a Paranasal Flap

“…However, performance of the two methods requires ingenious techniques, careful dissection, and complex procedures. The size of the upper orbicularis muscle flap sometimes is not sufficient for reconstruction of the entire lower lid [5,6]. Sometimes forehead flaps need two staged surgical procedures and produce visible scars on the forehead [7].…”

“…To avoid the defects of skin grafts, a great variety of flaps such as facial rotation flaps, advancement skin flaps [4], island upper orbicularis muscle flaps [5,6], island superficial temporal artery forehead flaps [7], and others [8] have been used to repair lower eyelid wounds after The first two authors contributed equally to this study.…”

“…A traditional skin graft is a simple and convenient method, but the texture, thickness, and color of skin grafts in the repaired region are not in harmony with the surrounding skin, especially in East Asians. In the long term, the grafted skin also affects lower eyelid function and appearance after different degrees of grafted skin contracture [3].To avoid the defects of skin grafts, a great variety of flaps such as facial rotation flaps, advancement skin flaps [4], island upper orbicularis muscle flaps [5,6], island superficial temporal artery forehead flaps [7], and others [8] have been used to repair lower eyelid wounds after The first two authors contributed equally to this study. …”

“…To avoid the defects of skin grafts, a great variety of flaps such as facial rotation flaps, advancement skin flaps [4], island upper orbicularis muscle flaps [5,6], island superficial temporal artery forehead flaps [7], and others [8] have been used to repair lower eyelid wounds after correction of retraction or ectropion to achieve improved effects of lower eyelids. The paranasal or nasolabial flap with its modification for reconstruction of total lower eyelid defects after resection of tumors also has achieved satisfactory results [9,10].…”