Orange Biomass By-products

Abstract

Abstract:Brazil is the major orange producer in the world that per year counts on about ten million tons of underutilized waste (orange biomass). This biomass has a great potential for ethanol production through the hydrolysis of its high amount of polysaccharides with low cost enzyme cocktails. For this purpose, an enzymatic cocktail of cellulases (FPU 8 mL from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri bacteria was used for the hydrolysis of orange bagasse, thus being able to substitute the use of commercial enzymes, which involve a high cost in an industrial scale. The second phase of the proposed bioprocess for second-generation ethanol from orange biomass is called fermentation with co-cultures, and it ensured the conversion of almost 100 % of the sugars. Hesperidin and nanocellulose were also obtained from bagasse. The hesperidin (1.2 % yield) was obtained in two steps, by liquid-solid extraction and purification, while nanocellulose (1.4 % yield) was obtained through a procedure of extraction, bleaching and nanonization.

Opportunities for the Use of Brazilian Biomass to Produce Renewable Chemicals and Materials

“…Açaí [150] × × × × 93,521 74,816 Andiroba × × × × - [b] - [b] Banana [161,162] × × 6,962,134 2,436,747 Baru [171] × × × 20,000 19,000 Brazil-nut [178,251] × × × 69,900 61,512 Brazil-pine [141] × × 8,700 2,262 Buriti × × × - [b] - [b] Cassava [132,252] × × 20,600,000 18,540,000 Cashew nut [184] × × × 65,300 6,210 Castor bean [188,253] × × × × 93,025 51,163 Coconut [196,254] × × × 2,000,000,000 [c] 907,530 Coffee [204] × × × × × 3,000,000 1,350,000 Grape [216] × × × 1,600,000 640,000 Jaboticaba [255] × × × × 2,577 [d] 1,288.5 [d] Macaw [221,256,257] × × × 100,000 50,000 Orange [225,258] × × × 18,000,000 9,000,000 Papaya [233,234] × × × × 1,000,000 300,000 Passion Fruit [234,239] × × × × 602,000 343,140…”

Biogas generation potential from anaerobic digestion of “Ponkan” and “Montenegrin” Tangerine peel waste

“…According to Cypriano et al (2017), approximately 50% of the fruit is discarded in the form of fruit pomace (composed of peel, seed, and pulp), which can be used to obtain products with higher added value. In view of the large population increase, a consequence for the coming years is an increase in per capita consumption of electricity in Brazil, making it necessary to search for electricity production in an alternative way to fossil fuels (Christo et al, 2018), in addition to more effective waste management solutions than landfill disposal.…”

Tratamento De Resíduos Sólidos Orgânicos: Análise Do Potencial De Geração De Biogás Proveniente Da Digestão Anaeróbia Da Casca De Tangerina

“…Figura 2.5: Etapas do processo de produção de sucos de laranja Fonte: Cypriano et al, 2017 Já no caso de empresas de pequeno porte e/ou empreendimentos em que o suco natural é produzido e rapidamente vendido para o consumidor, a produção do suco é um processo mais simples.…”

“…Durante o processo de fabricação de sucos, desde a colheita até o envase, é natural que ocorram perdas ao longo da cadeira produtiva. Cypriano et al, (2017), cita o exemplo da laranja, em que aproximadamente 50 % da fruta é descartada na forma de bagaço (composto de casca, semente e polpa), após a extração do seu suco.…”

“…In the fruit-growing sector, it is natural for losses to occur along the productive chain. According to Cypriano et al (2017), approximately 50% of the fruit is discarded in the form of fruit pomace (composed of peel, seed, and pulp), which can be used to obtain products with higher added value. In view of the large population increase, a consequence for the coming years is an increase in per capita consumption of electricity in Brazil, making it necessary to search for electricity production in an alternative way to fossil fuels (Christo et al, 2018), in addition to more effective waste management solutions than landfill disposal.…”