Orally Administrated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8-Derived EPS-AN8 Ameliorates Cd Hazards in Rats

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal that is distributed worldwide. Exposure to it is correlated with a vast number of diseases and organism malfunctions. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8, EPS-AN8, previously showed great potential for the in vitro protection of intestinal cells from this metal. Here, we investigated the potential of food supplemented with EPS-AN8 to protect rats from the hazardous effects of Cd exposure. After thirty days of exposure to lower (5 ppm) and higher (50 ppm)-Cd doses, the administration of EPS-AN8 led to decreased Cd content in the kidneys, liver, and blood compared to only Cd-treated groups, whereas the fecal Cd content was strongly enriched. In addition, EPS-AN8 reversed Cd-provoked effects on the most significant parameters of oxidative stress (MDA, CAT, GST, and GSH) and inflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) in the duodenum. Moreover, micrographs of the duodenum were in line with these findings. As the gut microbiota has an important role in maintaining homeostasis, we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and investigated the effects of Cd and EPS-AN8 on one part of the microbiota presented in the duodenum. Although Cd decreased the growth of lactobacilli and mostly favored the blooming of opportunistic pathogen bacteria, parallel intake of EPS-AN8 reversed those changes. Therefore, our results imply that EPS-AN8 might be extremely noteworthy in combatting this toxic environmental pollutant.

Improved Calculations of Heavy Metal Toxicity Coefficients for Evaluating Potential Ecological Risk in Sediments Based on Seven Major Chinese Water Systems

“…The health risks associated with Cd concentrations are particularly alarming for humans. Even low levels of exposure to Cd can have adverse effects on various organs such as the kidneys, liver, lungs, and cardiovascular system, as established by Brdari and Zeng et al [ 41 , 42 ]. Therefore, it is crucial to address and mitigate cadmium pollution due to its potential threat to human health.…”

From probiotics to postbiotics: Concepts and applications

“…Lactobacillus planturum , Leuconostoc mesentery DM1‐2, L. acidophilus NCFM, Lactobacillus paralactis 412, and Lactobacillus valerate ML32 adsorb benzo[a]pyrene and eliminate PM toxicity [125]. EPS‐AN8 from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8 can protect rodents from acute and chronic cadmium toxicity by isolating intestinal cadmium and exerting an antioxidant effect, thus having the potential to reduce cadmium toxicity clinically [126]. Probiotic yeasts have been used as biocontrol agents to prevent mycotoxin growth‐producing filamentous fungi on crops, food, and feed.…”