Oral Transmission of <i>Trypanosoma cruzi,</i> Brazilian Amazon

Santana, Rosa Amélia Gonçalves; Guerra, Maria Graças V.B.; Sousa, Débora Raysa Teixeira de; Couceiro, Kátia do Nascimento; Ortiz, Jessica Vanina; Oliveira, Maurício; Ferreira, L. S.; Souza, Kenny R.; Tavares, Igor; Morais, Rômulo Freire de; Silva, George; Melo, Gisely Cardoso de; Vergel, Gabriel M.; Albuquerque, Bernardino Cláudio de; Arcanjo, Ana Ruth Lima; Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo; Ferreira, João Marcos B.B.; Lacerda, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães; Silveira, Henrique

doi:10.3201/eid2501180646

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Outbreaks of acute T. cruzi infection due to contaminated fruit or sugar cane juice have been reported in several countries of Latin America (31,32). Most case clusters are small, affecting family groups in the Amazon and attributed to fruits such as açaí (33). The largest reported outbreak was associated with a 10% attack rate among students and staff at a school in Caracas; home-pressed guava juice was implicated (34).…”

Section: Congenital Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chagas Disease in the United States: a Public Health Approach

et al. 2019

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SUMMARY Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, usually transmitted by triatomine vectors. An estimated 20 to 30% of infected individuals develop potentially lethal cardiac or gastrointestinal disease. Sylvatic transmission cycles exist in the southern United States, involving 11 triatomine vector species and infected mammals such as rodents, opossums, and dogs. Nevertheless, imported chronic T. cruzi infections in migrants from Latin America vastly outnumber locally acquired human cases. Benznidazole is now FDA approved, and clinical and public health efforts are under way by researchers and health departments in a number of states. Making progress will require efforts to improve awareness among providers and patients, data on diagnostic test performance and expanded availability of confirmatory testing, and evidence-based strategies to improve access to appropriate management of Chagas disease in the United States.

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Section: Congenital Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chagas Disease in the United States: a Public Health Approach

et al. 2019

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“…Alteration of the rainforest environment due to human invasion and the consequent loss of natural food sources is driving triatomines towards human households, which results in increased contact with humans and subsequent numbers of acute and chronic cases of CD (Santana et al ., 2014; Santana et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies carried out in the state of Amazonas registered prevalence of Chagas disease of 1.9% (2008) and 2.4% (2012) and a study developed with 63 acute patients from retrospective cases from 2007 to 2015, demonstrated that oral transmission occurred in 75% of registered cases (Magalhães et al ., 2011; Santana et al ., 2014; Ortiz et al ., 2019). In the last decade, numerous acute cases related to oral transmission have been recorded, with six outbreaks in the state of Amazonas (Monteiro et al ., 2010; Barbosa et al ., 2015; Santana et al ., 2019). The DTUs of T. cruzi related to these cases were TcIV and Z3 (TcIII/TcIV) (Monteiro et al ., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Western Brazilian Amazon, two DTUs (TcI and TcIV) were found circulating, able to cause acute and chronic infections in humans(Monteiro et al ., 2012; Santana et al ., 2014). Notably, the TcIV DTU was predominant among cases of acute CD and was observed in both outbreaks and isolated cases of the disease, which suggests that it has an association with different transmission frameworks (Monteiro et al ., 2012; Santana et al ., 2019). The current study investigated, the occurrence of triatomine vectors, reservoirs, habitat variation and patterns of vector feeding in relation to T. cruzi infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioecological aspects of triatomines and marsupials as wild Trypanosoma cruzi reservoirs in urban, peri‐urban and rural areas in the Western Brazilian Amazon

Magalhães

Silveira

Prestes

et al. 2021

Medical Vet Entomology

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In the Amazon region, Trypanosoma cruzi transmission cycles involve a great diversity of Triatominae vectors and mammal reservoirs. Some Rhodnius spp. mainly inhabit palm trees that act as microhabitats for hosts and vectors. The current study aimed to describe aspects of the bio‐ecology of the vectors and reservoirs of T. cruzi in relation to human populations resident near areas with large quantities of palm trees, in rural, peri‐urban and urban collection environments, located in the Western Brazilian Amazon. Rhodnius pictipes and Didelphis marsupialis were respectively the most predominant vector and reservoir, with rates of 71% for R. pictipes and 96.5% for D. marsupialis. The vast majority of T. cruzi isolates clustered with TcI. The most prevalent haplotype was TcI COII1 (69.7%). Mauritia flexuosa and Attalea phalerata were the main ecological indicators of infestation by triatomines. Birds were the most common food source (27,71%). T. cruzi isolated from R. robustus has the haplotype HUM‐13, previously detected in a chronic Chagas patient living in the same area. Our results demonstrate the relevance of this study, with the occurrence of elevated infection rates in animals, and suggest the importance of the Amazon zones where there is a risk of infection in humans.

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“…Although the Amazon region was excluded as a region of occurrence of CD until the mid-1970s, it has recently aroused the concern of the authorities in public health because of growing reports of this disease, which is still considered to be emerging in the region (Barbosa et al 2015;Santana et al 2019). Most of these cases are of transmission through contaminated foods, mainly regional drinks, such as the juice of "açaí" (Euterpe precatoria Mart.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%