Oral therapy with proteolytic enzymes decreases excessive TGF-β levels in human blood

Desser, L.; Holománová, D; Závadová, Eva; Pavelka, Karel; Mohr, Thomas; Herbacek, Irene

doi:10.1007/s002800170003

Cited by 60 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Over-production and/or activation of TGFb contribute to persistent inflammation (Chen & Wahl 1999). Papain -in combination with other proteolytic enzymes (trypsin and chymotrypsin) -significantly reduced TGF-b1 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (p50.005), osteomyelofibrosis (p50.05) and herpes zoster (shingles) (p50.05) (Desser et al 2001). It also reduced (p50.001) radiotherapy-associated inflammatory side effects (mucositis and skin reaction) in head and neck cancer patients (Gujral et al 2001).…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Activities Of Papaya-associated Phytochemimentioning

confidence: 94%

Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of Carica papaya

Pandey

Cabot

Shaw

et al. 2016

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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Chronic inflammation is linked with the generation and progression of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes and atherosclerosis, and anti-inflammatory drugs therefore have the potential to assist in the treatment of these conditions. Carica papaya is a tropical plant that is traditionally used in the treatment of various ailments including inflammatory conditions. A literature search was conducted by using the keywords ''papaya'', ''anti-inflammatory and inflammation'' and ''immunomodulation and immune'' along with cross-referencing. Both in vitro and in vivo investigation studies were included. This is a review of all studies published since 2000 on the antiinflammatory activity of papaya extracts and their effects on various immune-inflammatory mediators. Studies on the anti-inflammatory activities of recognized phytochemicals present in papaya are also included. Although in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that papaya extracts and papaya-associated phytochemicals possess anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, clinical studies are lacking. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Anti-inflammatory Activities Of Papaya-associated Phytochemimentioning

confidence: 94%

Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of Carica papaya

Pandey

Cabot

Shaw

et al. 2016

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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“…Two different studies have demonstrated that two different oral proteolytic enzyme supplements were able to reduce high levels of transforming growth factor-β, which may be a factor in some cancers [172,173]. In the Slovak Republic an oral enzyme supplement was tested in a placebo-controlled trial of multiple myeloma.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

Donaldson¹

2004

Nutr J

551

344

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It has been estimated that 30–40 percent of all cancers can be prevented by lifestyle and dietary measures alone. Obesity, nutrient sparse foods such as concentrated sugars and refined flour products that contribute to impaired glucose metabolism (which leads to diabetes), low fiber intake, consumption of red meat, and imbalance of omega 3 and omega 6 fats all contribute to excess cancer risk. Intake of flax seed, especially its lignan fraction, and abundant portions of fruits and vegetables will lower cancer risk. Allium and cruciferous vegetables are especially beneficial, with broccoli sprouts being the densest source of sulforophane. Protective elements in a cancer prevention diet include selenium, folic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin D, chlorophyll, and antioxidants such as the carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, cryptoxanthin). Ascorbic acid has limited benefits orally, but could be very beneficial intravenously. Supplementary use of oral digestive enzymes and probiotics also has merit as anticancer dietary measures. When a diet is compiled according to the guidelines here it is likely that there would be at least a 60–70 percent decrease in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers, and even a 40–50 percent decrease in lung cancer, along with similar reductions in cancers at other sites. Such a diet would be conducive to preventing cancer and would favor recovery from cancer as well.

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“…Furthermore, proteolytic enzymes reduce TGF-β overproduction at the levels of RNA and protein synthesis. 15 It was observed that tumor cells emitted factors blocking the immune system. Thus, tumor cells protect themselves from being recognized by antibodies and from the attack by cells of the immune system by shedding soluble surface antigens.…”

Section: Basis Of Evidence-based Complementary Medicine In Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteolytic Enzyme Therapy in Evidence-Based Complementary Oncology: Fact or Fiction?

Beuth

2008

Integr Cancer Ther

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Systemic enzyme therapy was recently subjected to experimental investigations and to rigorous clinical studies in cancer patients. The designs of the relevant clinical cohort studies followed the guidelines of Good Epidemiological Practice and represent level IIB in evidence-based medicine (EBM). Scientifically sound experimental in vitro and in vivo investigations are far advanced and document promising immunological, anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious, and antitumor/antimetastatic activities of proteolytic enzyme mixtures (containing trypsin, chymotrypsin, and papain) or bromelain. EBM level II clinical studies, which are accepted by the European Union to show safety and efficacy of medical treatments, were performed to evaluate the benefit of complementary systemic enzyme therapy in cancer patients suffering from breast and colorectal cancers and plasmacytoma. These studies demonstrated that systemic enzyme therapy significantly decreased tumor-induced and therapy-induced side effects and complaints such as nausea, gastrointestinal complaints, fatigue, weight loss, and restlessness and obviously stabilized the quality of life. For plasmacytoma patients, complementary systemic enzyme therapy was shown to increase the response rates, the duration of remissions, and the overall survival times. These promising data resulted in an “orphan drug status” designation for a systemic enzyme product, which should motivate further studies on this complementary treatment.

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Oral therapy with proteolytic enzymes decreases excessive TGF-β levels in human blood

Abstract: These results support the concept that OET is beneficial in diseases characterized in part by TGF-beta1 overproduction.

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of Carica papaya

Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of Carica papaya

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

Proteolytic Enzyme Therapy in Evidence-Based Complementary Oncology: Fact or Fiction?

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