Oral, Nasal, and Gut Microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease

Li, Zhuo; Lü, Gang; Luo, En-Li; Wu, Bin; Li, Zhe; Guo, Jianwen; Xia, Zhangyong; Zheng, Chunye; Q, Su; Zeng, Yan; Chan, Wai Yee; Su, Xianwei; Qiu, Xinmin; Zheng, Xiaobin; Cai, Qiaodi; Xu, Yingqi; Chen, Yingjun; Fan, Yuzhen; Chen, Weiwei; Yu, Zecheng; Chen, Xinjie; Zheng, Changsong; Wang, Mingbang; Poon, Wai Sang; Luo, Xiaodong

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.10.011

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Given that oral dysbiosis increases systemic inflammation, there may be common inflammatory pathways involved in causing acute relapses of symptoms in MS. In relation to oral microbiota and oral dysbiosis, there is very scarce research that has been performed for MS, such as PD [ 84 , 85 ].…”

Section: Oral Biofilms and Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Dysbiosis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Correlations and Potential Causations

Nicholson

Landry

2022

Microorganisms

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Biofilms are a heterogenous complex community of vegetative cells and extracellular polymeric substances that can adhere to various surfaces and are responsible for a variety of chronic and acute diseases. The impact of bacterial biofilms on oral and intestinal health is well studied, but the correlation and causations of biofilms and neurodegenerative diseases are still in their infancy. However, the correlations between biofilms and diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, and even Parkinson’s Disease are starting to demonstrate the role bacterial biofilms have in promoting and exasperating various illnesses. The review article provides insight into the role bacterial biofilms may have on the development and progression of various neurodegenerative diseases and hopefully shine a light on this very important area of research.

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Section: Oral Biofilms and Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Dysbiosis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Correlations and Potential Causations

Nicholson

Landry

2022

Microorganisms

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“…Lachnospiraceae are another family of bacteria underrepresented in PD-related gut microbiomes that contribute to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and prevent gut inflammation through the secretion of butyrate [ 67 , 68 , 69 ]. Their reduced presence, especially that of Ruminococcus , has been associated with cognitive impairment as measured by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) test and postural instability in PD patients [ 59 , 68 , 69 , 70 ]. A similar phenotype was also associated to an increase in Lactobacillaceae , Enterobacteriaceae and Christensenellaceae , as reported by different studies [ 69 , 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Parkinson’s Disease and Gut Microbiota: Links And Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, results from a study conducted in a cohort of Canadian individuals with neurodegeneration reported higher microbial diversity (in contrast to what is observed in the GM), diminished Streptococcaceae and Actinomycetaceae , as well as enhanced Weeksellaceae and Porphyromonas in these patients compared to controls, but these changes did not correlate with cognitive decline [ 495 ]. Concerning PD, oral features associated with the disease such as dysphagia, salivary pH and drooling may influence the oral microbiota by altering the β-diversity index and favoring the growth of opportunistic oral microbes and Lactobacillus species, which may exacerbate the clinical symptoms and correlate with worse Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores [ 70 , 496 , 497 ]. Moreover, combined oral-gut microbiome metagenomic sequencing revealed a link between oral Lactobacillus and gut opportunistic pathogens, suggesting a connection between these two microbial communities [ 498 ].…”

Section: Oral and Nasal Microbiota: Other Important Districts Involve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment

Varesi¹,

Campagnoli²,

Fahmideh³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota (GM) and the Central Nervous System, the so-called gut microbiota brain axis (GMBA), deeply affects brain function and has an important impact on the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), gastrointestinal symptoms often precede the onset of motor and non-motor manifestations, and alterations in the GM composition accompany disease pathogenesis. Several studies have been conducted to unravel the role of dysbiosis and intestinal permeability in PD onset and progression, but the therapeutic and diagnostic applications of GM modifying approaches remain to be fully elucidated. After a brief introduction on the involvement of GMBA in the disease, we present evidence for GM alterations and leaky gut in PD patients. According to these data, we then review the potential of GM-based signatures to serve as disease biomarkers and we highlight the emerging role of probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, dietary interventions, and fecal microbiota transplantation as supportive therapeutic approaches in PD. Finally, we analyze the mutual influence between commonly prescribed PD medications and gut-microbiota, and we offer insights on the involvement also of nasal and oral microbiota in PD pathology, thus providing a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on the role of microbial features in disease diagnosis and treatment.

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“…The pathogenesis of MG is complex and involves an imbalance of gut microbiota ( 4 , 5 ). Because most gut microorganisms originate in the oral cavity ( 6 , 7 ), oral microbiota may also contribute to MG pathogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poor oral health, which is associated with an imbalance of oral microbiota community structure and composition, has a major effect on neuroinflammation and has been linked to central nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), to central nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), migraine, and multiple sclerosis (MS) (6)(7)(8)(9)(10). However, the relationship between oral microbiota profile and MG has not been previously studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiota Profile in a Group of Anti-AChR Antibody–Positive Myasthenia Gravis Patients

et al. 2022

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Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder caused by autoantibodies directed against the postsynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction. Perturbation of gut microbiota is thought to contribute to the development of MG, as reflected by fecal metabolomic signatures in humans, but there have been few studies on the relationship between oral microbiota profile and MG. The current study evaluated the correlation between oral microbiota composition and diversity and anti-acetylcholinereceptor (AChR) antibody–positive MG by comparing oral microbiota communities of patients (n = 20) and healthy controls (HCs; n = 20) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Principal coordinate analysis and Adonis analysis revealed significant differences in oral microflora profile between the twogroups. Compared to HCs, the abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and genera Streptococcus, Rothia, and Lachnoanerobaculum was significantly increased whereas that of phyla Proteobacteria and Spirochaetotaand genera Neisseria, Haemophilus, and Treponema was significantly decreased in MG patients. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the biosynthesis of ansamycins and amino acid metabolism pathways were altered in MG. These results indicate that oral microbiota composition is perturbed in patients with anti-AChR antibody–positive MG, providing new potential avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions.

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Oral, Nasal, and Gut Microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Oral Dysbiosis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Correlations and Potential Causations

Oral Dysbiosis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Correlations and Potential Causations

The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment

Oral Microbiota Profile in a Group of Anti-AChR Antibody–Positive Myasthenia Gravis Patients

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