Oral Mucosal Immune Tolerance Versus Oral Immune Silencing: Mini Review

Shnawa, Ibrahim M. S.

doi:10.11648/j.ajbls.s.2015030401.13

AJBLS

2015

DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbls.s.2015030401.13

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Oral Mucosal Immune Tolerance Versus Oral Immune Silencing: Mini Review

Ibrahim M. S. Shnawa¹

Abstract: Abstract:Oral mucosal tolerance a phenomenon among others in the common mucosal immune system. The mechanisms behind which are multiple. Three main opinions are being raised up .First ,tolerant cells emerged within the gut mucosa and migrates to oral mucosa suppressing immune function ,the second holds that tolerant cells evolved with in the sublingual salivary glands and functions insitue and the third ,however ,considered tolerance as an active immune processes marked with hypersensitivity and antibody forma… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

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Depurinized milk downregulates rat thymus MyD88/Akt/p38 function, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, caspase-1 activity but not the endonuclease pathway: in vitro/in vivo study

Kocić

Veljković

Kocic³

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The aim of this study was the evaluation of 15 days dietary regimen of depurinized (DP) milk (obtained using our patented technological procedures) or 1.5% fat UHT milk instead of standard chow diet, on rat thymus and bone marrow MyD88/Akt/p38, NF-κB, caspase-1 and endonuclease pathways, in relation to peripheral blood cell composition. To determine whether the reduced mass of the thymus is a consequence of the direct effect of DP/UHT milk on apoptosis of thymocytes, in vitro Annexin-V-FITC/PI assay was performed. Significant decreases in the thymus wet weight, thymocyte MyD88, Akt-1/phospho-Akt-1 kinase, p38/phospho-p38, NF-κB, caspase-1 activity and CD4+/CD8+ antigen expression were obtained, especially in the DP milk group. The activity of thymocyte alkaline and acid DNase increased in the DP but not in the UHT milk group. The level of IL-6 significantly decreased in DP milk treated group, while the level of total TGF-β and IL-6 increased in UHT milk group. Significant differences in hematological parameters were obtained in commercial milk fed group. Observed results about prevention of experimental diabetes in DP pretreated groups may suggest that purine compounds, uric acid and other volatile toxic compounds of commercial milk may suppress oral tolerance, probably via IL-6 and TGF-β cytokine effects.

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Depurinized milk downregulates rat thymus MyD88/Akt/p38 function, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, caspase-1 activity but not the endonuclease pathway: in vitro/in vivo study

Kocić

Veljković

Kocic³

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The Interplay of the Local Microbiome with Oral Mucosal Immune Compartment: Minireview

Shnawa¹

2015

AJBLS

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The oral microbiome is formed and functioned in balanced state during health and in an unbalanced state in the disease conditions. Microbiome in the oral compartment combats the weapons of the invading microbial pathogens. Now, there are a specific microbiome signature in each of the cases of health and disease. Oral microbiome expressed; probiotic, antigenic competition and immunomodulatory effects locally in the oral compartment .In the immunologic sense, oral microbiome is constituting an element that is able to interact in a bidirectional fashion with the components of the oral immune compartment with the net result of homiostasis, immune response ,tolerance, anergy and hypersensitivity and/or immune mediated diseases. Thus it has played an important roles in oral immune mechanisms.

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A Conceptual Study on Kaphaja Shiroroga with Special Reference to Sinusitis

Bordoni

Marelli

Sacconi

et al. 2017

IJCAM

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The Eustachian tube (ET) plays an important role in the function of the middle ear, stimulating drainage and ventilation. The drainage of secretions from the middle ear is carried out by the mucociliary system of the tube (and the mucus membrane of the middle ear), the muscular system of the tube and the tension of the tubal lumen. The ET is normally closed by periluminal pressure which is greater than the outside pressure, while it is rhythmically opened by muscle activity to which it is directly or indirectly linked. There are six muscles recognised as having an active role in the functions of the tuba: tensor veli palatini; levator veli palatini; tensor tympani; salpingopharyngeus; lateral and medial pterygoids. Literature available on an osteopathic approach to treating the ET is lacking. The article reviews the literature on the osteopathic treatment of the Eustachian tube and proposes a new hypothesis of treatment for a non-pediatric population. This may lead to new scientific findings and improved results to the patient's overall health.

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Oral Mucosal Immune Tolerance Versus Oral Immune Silencing: Mini Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Depurinized milk downregulates rat thymus MyD88/Akt/p38 function, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, caspase-1 activity but not the endonuclease pathway: in vitro/in vivo study

Depurinized milk downregulates rat thymus MyD88/Akt/p38 function, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, caspase-1 activity but not the endonuclease pathway: in vitro/in vivo study

The Interplay of the Local Microbiome with Oral Mucosal Immune Compartment: Minireview

A Conceptual Study on Kaphaja Shiroroga with Special Reference to Sinusitis

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