Oral microflora of supragingival and subgingival biofilms in Algerian healthy adults

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to define the cultivable oral microflora in supragingival and subgingival plaques of Algerian healthy adults. Supragingival and subgingival plaque samples were collected from 65 Algerian caries-free, periodontally healthy subjects. Samples were taken from approximal surfaces and analysed for bacterial content after being inoculated on non-selective and selective media and incubated under different atmospheres; aerobic, capnophilic and anaerobic. The standard identification procedures by biochemical tests were used. Pearson's Chi-square χ2 test (P < 0.05, χ2-test) was used to assess the differences between the isolation frequencies. Gram negative anaerobic rods (Porphyromonas assacharolytica, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella melaninogenica, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella buccae, Fusobacterium mortiferum, Bacteroides ureolyticus, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides eggertii, Capnocytophaga sp. and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) more often were detected in subgingival plaque than supragingival plaque (p<0.05, χ2-test). However, streptococci and Actinomyces naeslundii were isolated more frequently from supragingival plaque. (p<0.05, χ2-test). Facultative anaerobic Gram positive cocci were also isolated both from supragingival and subgingival plaques in comparable proportions (P>0.05, χ2-test) with the predominance of enterococci which were isolated even from supragingival and subgingival plaques in considerable proportions. The supragingival bacterial flora in healthy adults was composed mainly of Gram positive cocci and anaerobic Gram positive rods with the predominance of Streptococci and Actinomyces naeslundii, respectively; whereas, anaerobic Gram negative rods and facultative anaerobic Gram positive cocci were the predominant bacteria in subgingival plaque.

Cannabinoids infused mouthwash products are as effective as chlorhexidine on inhibition of total-culturable bacterial content in dental plaque samples

“…The dental plaque includes, supragingival plaque and subgingival plaque. The supragingival plaque contains mainly of aerobic bacteria, in contrast to subgingival plaque which contains mostly of anaerobic bacteria (Sara et al 2015 ). The accumulation of supragingival plaque eventually leads to the establishment of subgingival plaque.…”

Oral probiotic and its delivery carriers to improve oral health: A review

“…Anaerobic pathogens such as Prophyromonas spp., Prevotella spp., Fusobacterium spp., Actinomyces spp., and Capnocytophaga spp. were more likely to be found in subgingival than supragingival sites [21]. Furthermore, facultative anaerobic pathogens are often detected in shallow periodontal pockets, while obligate anaerobic pathogens are accumulated in deep periodontal pockets due to the absence of oxygen.…”

Use of clinical clue to diagnose anaerobic oral and maxillofacial infections among patients at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania

“…After aspirating, the specimen was immediately inoculated in a special anaerobic transport media (BD curl anaerobic Transport) to the laboratory within 20 min, processed for culture as early as possible within 2 h (Brook et al,1996;Sara et al, 2015). The culture and sensitivity were conducted for the clinical specimens, obtained from the patient before initiation of any antibiotic therapy.…”