Oral Microbiome of Children Living in an Isolated Area in Myanmar

Nomura, Yasuo; Otsuka, Ryoko; Hasegawa, Ryo; Hanada, Nobuhiro

doi:10.3390/ijerph17114033

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The prevalence pattern of dental caries varies with age and sex [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. It depends on race, geographical location, socioeconomic status, nutrition habits, oral hygiene practices, and oral microbiome [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. There are twenty teeth in the primary dentition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth-Level Analysis of Dental Caries in Primary Dentition in Myanmar Children

Nomura

Otsuka

Wint

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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In developing countries, the prevalence of dental caries in children remains high, which means that implementing a simple and convenient classification is critical. The classification needs to be evidence-based and needs to reflect tooth-level information. In this study, the prevalence of dental caries in the primary dentition of 352 Myanmar school children at the ages of 5, 6, and 7 was analyzed at the tooth level to clarify the underlying data structure of the patterns of dental caries in the population. Ninety-three percent of subjects had caries in primary dentition and the mean number of decayed teeth in primary dentition was 7.54 ± 4.82. Based on the item response theory analysis, mixed-effect modeling, and Bayesian network analysis, we proposed the following classification: Group 1: No dental caries; Group 2: Dental caries in molar teeth or dental caries in maxillary anterior teeth; Group 3: Dental caries in both molar and maxillary anterior teeth; Group 4: Dental carries in mandibular anterior teeth. Dental caries (dmft) in the groups was different between groups. The results of characteristics of tooth-level information and classification presented in this study may be a useful instrument for the analysis of the data of dental caries prevalence in primary dentition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth-Level Analysis of Dental Caries in Primary Dentition in Myanmar Children

Nomura

Otsuka

Wint

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Interestingly, the difference in oral microbiome in people living in a different place had similarities to our findings in urban areas. A study in Myanmar with supragingival plate samples collected from children aged 9-13 years old living in remote mountains areas found that Proteobacteria (58.1%) account for the highest abundance, followed by Firmicutes (21.5%), and Bacteroidetes (14.8%) [23]. Jiang and colleagues reported similar findings, suggesting that children with abundant Proteobacteria (greater than 50%) and Actinobacteria (greater than 25%) developed fewer caries [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Children Tooth Brushing Behavior and Oral Microbiota: A Pilot Study

Calderon

Chung

Fields

et al. 2021

Oral

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By age 17, almost 80% of US children have dental caries resulting from cariogenic bacteria that could be reduced with tooth brushing. This cross-sectional, correlational pilot study aims to understand the association between tooth brushing and oral microbiota in children. Oral specimens and survey data were collected from a convenience sample of 16 children, aged 7–12, and attending a community dental clinic. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze sample characteristics and tooth brushing behavior. Biospecimens were analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Beta diversity measures were compared across tooth brushing groups using Permutational Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) and Analysis of Similarities (ANOSIM) tests in R. The frequency of tooth brushing in this sample was once a day (brush1; 43.8%), twice a day (brush2; 43.8%), or more than twice a day (12.6%). Major phyla found in the subjects’ upper and lower teeth were the following: Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria was significantly lower in brush2 as compared to brush1 (p = 0.001), whereas the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly higher (p = 0.025). The association between tooth brushing frequency and microbiome beta diversity was significant (p = 0.005 by PERMANOVA and p = 0.002 by ANOSIM). This study demonstrates that tooth brushing frequency could affect the proportional composition of the oral microflora. Additional research on the implication of these changes is warranted.

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“…The data presented in this study were from Japanese older persons. Even though dietary habits have little effect on the oral microbiome [54], regional or cultural differences could have an effect on the oral microbiome [44]. The health status of the subjects who participated in this study was limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was performed using primers specific to the V3-V4 region pyrosequencing tags of the 16S rRNA gene in the extracted bacterial DNA. Taxonomic classification of each read was assigned based on a search of the EzBioCloud 16S database [42,43], which contains the 16S rRNA genes of type strains that have valid published names and representative species-level phylotypes of both cultured and uncultured entries in the GenBank database, with complete hierarchical taxonomic classification from the phylum to species level [44].…”

Section: Microbial Community Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiome in Four Female Centenarians

et al. 2020

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The oral microbiome of healthy older adults has valuable information about a healthy microbiome. In this study, we collected and analyzed the oral microbiome of denture plaque and tongue coating samples from four female centenarians. After DNA extraction and purification, pyrosequencing of the V3–V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA was carried out. The bacterial taxonomy for each lead was assigned based on a search of the EzBioCloud 16S database. We obtained a total of 199,723 valid, quality-controlled reads for denture plaque and 210,750 reads for tongue coating. The reads were assigned 407 operational taxonomic units with a 97% identity cutoff. Twenty-nine species were detected in both denture plaque and tongue coatings from all subjects. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum; the Streptococcus salivarius group was the most abundant species in both the denture plaque and tongue coatings; and the Fusobacterium nucleatum group was detected in all subjects. In the bacterial profile, species formed clusters composed of bacteria with a wide range of prevalence and abundance, not dependent on phyla; each cluster may have specific species that could be candidates for a core microbiome. Firmicutes and Veillonella were abundant phyla on both plaque and tongue coatings of centenarians.

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Oral Microbiome of Children Living in an Isolated Area in Myanmar

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Tooth-Level Analysis of Dental Caries in Primary Dentition in Myanmar Children

Tooth-Level Analysis of Dental Caries in Primary Dentition in Myanmar Children

Children Tooth Brushing Behavior and Oral Microbiota: A Pilot Study

Oral Microbiome in Four Female Centenarians

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