Oral manifestations in drug users: A review

Abstract

Background: In the dental environment there is not much talk about the oral manifestations resulting from the use of drugs, because in general the issue of drugs is a very difficult subject to deal with. Therefore, the objective of this work is to understand what are the most obvious manifestations in the oral cavity and as the dentist can detect them. Material and Methods: In order to carry out this bibliographical review, a scientific article search was made by consulting the PubMed database. The abstracts were read to recruit only what was consistent with the chosen topic. Results: The 23 sources of information affirmed the relationship between a bad state of general health, and more in the specific, bad state of oral cavity. Conclusions: The most relevant manifestations were: decay, loss of teeth and precancerous lesions. These manifestations were present in most of the cases studied. All this is a consequence of the drug and the lifestyle acquired by the drug users studied.

Pathophysiology of Demineralization, Part I: Attrition, Erosion, Abfraction, and Noncarious Cervical Lesions

“…With normal saliva output, cracks rarely become carious. However, crackrelated caries is common in patients with decreased salivary flow due to head and neck radiation [151], or methamphetamine abuse [152]. On the other hand, sustained loss of internal mineral from deep cervical lesions (Fig.…”

Pathophysiology of Demineralization, Part II: Enamel White Spots, Cavitated Caries, and Bone Infection

“…An acidic pH at the enamel surface facilitates the demineralization process [5]. The pH in plaque is depressed for about an hour after each ingestion of acidic food [63], beverages [64], drugs [65,66], mouthwash [67], and fermentable carbohydrates [4,5]. Dietary acidity has an accumulative demineralization effect that facilitates caries.…”

Adolescencia y consumo de sustancias: Abordaje odontológico

“…Las personas que utilicen el método intravenoso, pueden contraer con más facilidad enfermedades como síndrome de inmunodeficiencia (SIDA), hepatitis y tuberculosis, o tener eventos adversos graves por una sobredosis. 11 El fentanilo es un opioide sintético usado como analgésico narcótico en anestesiología, y para el manejo del dolor severo, crónico y persistente. En las dos últimas décadas se ha incrementado su uso ilícito en Norteamérica y Europa, asociándose con el consumo de otras drogas.…”

“…10 Además, en los consumidores de cocaína se puede observar perforación del septum nasal, sinusitis crónica, cambios en sentido de olfato, epistaxis recurrente, recesiones gingivales, disminución del pH salival, perforaciones en el paladar, lesiones en la encía, pérdida de papilas linguales, candidiasis y estomatitis, entre otras afecciones. 11…”