Oral Malodorous Compound Causes Oxidative Stress and p53‐Mediated Programmed Cell Death in Keratinocyte Stem Cells

Abstract

We conclude that H(2)S can induce apoptosis in human keratinocyte stem cells, a key component of the epithelial barrier, following DNA damage and p53 activation.

Regulation of p53 under hypoxic and inflammatory conditions in periodontium

“…In a previous study, Tonetti et al have implicated that inflammatory stimuli induced DNA fragmentation and upregulation of p53 protein expression in gingival tissues [17]. Calenic et al have shown that after H 2 S incubation p53 levels have been elevated and accompanied with an increase of apoptotic keratinocyte stem cells [18]. Our data support these findings as we found increased p53 immunoreactivity in tissue sections of patients with periodontitis compared to gingivitis.…”

“…Different studies have demonstrated that stimulation with disease-associated fibronectin fragments induces p53 expression changes in periodontal ligament fibroblasts [15,16]. These studies have underlined the importance of p53 in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases indicating that p53-induced apoptotic processes play a role in oral inflammatory pathologies [17,18].…”

Detection of Volatile Malodorous Compounds in Breath: Current Analytical Techniques and Implications in Human Disease

“…Elevated intracellular levels of ROS can ultimately lead to DNA damage. Increased levels of ROS associated with DNA damage were also detected in normal keratinocytes [105] and keratinocyte stem cells [106]. In addition, 24 or 48 h of incubation with physiological concentrations of VSCs (specifically H 2 S) can induce apoptosis in different oral cellular types.…”

“…Human skin cell line Apoptosis -mitochondrial pathway activated; DNA damage; p53 and Bax activity increased [106] Oral epithelia Keratinocyte stem cells…”

Working Title: Hydrogen Sulfide - Biochemical and Biological Considerations

“…Table 3: Biological effects of low physiological concentrations of H2S on different oral cell types (1ng/ml H2S) [7]. Thus reports show that H 2 S is directly linked to the initiation and development of periodontal diseases: the compound inhibits the proliferation process of oral keratinocyte cells [6], decreases protein synthesis in oral fibroblasts, and inhibits collagen synthesis or basal membrane synthesis [7]. There seem to be a direct relation between the type of the biological effect induced by H 2 S and the H 2 S levels.…”