Oral lichen planus: a 4-year clinical follow-up study

Abstract

Background/aim: This study aimed to examine oral lichen planus (OLP) cases histopathologically and cytologically, describe different clinical aspects of OLP manifestations, and associate different OLP clinical forms with self-reported oral health and with local and systemic risk factors. Materials and methods:All patients with a referral diagnosis of OLP received biopsies. The histological evaluation assessed infiltration with lymphocytes, epithelial hyperplasia, and hyperkeratosis. Histology was used to validate the OLP diagnosis and to evaluate the malignant transformation of OLP lesions. Clinical manifestations of OLP and potential local oral environment-related risks were clinically assessed. Systemic risks were evaluated by a structured questionnaire.Results: A total of 133 patients with a histologically confirmed OLP diagnosis were followed. There were more females (N = 109) than males (N = 24) and the majority of patients were older than 50 years. The reticular form (45.1%) was the most prevalent clinical form followed by the erosive-ulcerative form (33.8%). The histological characteristics were most pronounced in the erosive-ulcerative form. Of the OLP cases, 2.3% had a malignant transformation. Conclusion:Reticular and erosive-ulcerative were the most prevalent OLP forms. There were more female than male OLP patients. Except for medication use, there were no statistically significant differences among different clinical OLP forms in either local or systemic risk factor distributions.

Rate of malignant transformation of oral lichen planus: A systematic review

“…read the 43 papers in full‐length and identified 21 articles for the final data extraction: 18 being retrospective and three being prospective in nature. A summary of the full‐length articles excluded (Bajaj, Khoso, Devrajani, Matlani, & Lohana, ; Bornstein et al, ; Brown, Bottomley, Puente, & Lavigne, ; Brzak et al, ; Budimir et al, ; Casparis et al, ; Chainani‐Wu, Silverman, Lozada‐Nur, Mayer, & Watson, ; Ingafou, Leao, Porter, & Scully, ; Irani, Esfahani, & Ghorbani, ; Jaafari‐Ashkavandi, Mardani, Pardis, & Amanpour, ; Kövesi & Bánóczy, ; Murti et al, ; Pakfetrat, Javadzadeh‐Bolouri, Basir‐Shabestari, & Falaki, ; Rajentheran, McLean, Kelly, Reed, & Nolan, ; Rimkevičius, Aleksejūnienė, Pūrienė, Šeinin, & Rastenienė, ; Rödström, Jontell, Mattsson, & Holmberg, ; Roosaar, Yin, Sandborgh‐Englund, Nyrén, & Axéll, ; Thongprasom et al, ; van der Meij, Schepman, & van der Waal, ; Varghese et al, ; Wang et al, ; Warnakulasuriya et al, ), and the reasons for their exclusion can be obtained electronically (Supporting Information Table ).…”

Oral lichen planus has a very low malignant transformation rate: A systematic review and meta‐analysis using strict diagnostic and inclusion criteria

“…Of 33 studies, 31 studies were retrospective 14–44 and 2 were prospective with follow‐up periods of 4 and 4.7 years 45,46. The total number of OLP patients included in these studies was 12 838 with almost two‐thirds being female (male:female ratio was 1:1.89).…”

“…According to our proposed criteria, the main reason for excluding 51 of the ineligible cases was the absence of confirmative histopathological assessment of OLP cases or the absence of basic information supporting MT of OLP (Tables 2 and 3). 15,19,24,26,28,29,33,34,35,41,46…”

Identification of putative laryngeal and pharyngeal lichen planus lesions: An endoscopic preliminary evaluation in 16 patients

“…A most probable hypothesis is that otolaryngologists usually evaluate the upper aerodigestive tract, while LPO patients are mostly followed by oral pathologist. Thus, a grey area is formed, where the former specialists lack the study population, while the latter usually lack the knowhow on pharyngeal and laryngeal endoscopy 6 …”

“…Thus, a grey area is formed, where the former specialists lack the study population, while the latter usually lack the knowhow on pharyngeal and laryngeal endoscopy. 6 Another explanation could lie in the lesion size and localisation.…”