Oral ketamine premedication can prevent emergence agitation in children after desflurane anaesthesia*

Kararmaz, Alper; Kaya, Sadullah; Turhanoglu, Selim; Ozyilmaz, Mehmet Ali

doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2004.01224.x

Cited by 66 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…33 Furthermore, ketamine is not associated with respiratory depression at these lower doses. 34 None of the subjects in our study developed postoperative hallucinations or nightmares with low-dose ketamine. These findings are in agreement with those of a previous study using the same ketamine dosage regimen in children undergoing strabismus surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and placebo on emergence agitation after strabismus surgery in children

Chen¹,

Jia²,

Liu³

et al. 2013

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

123

130

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and placebo on emergence agitation after strabismus surgery in children

Chen¹,

Jia²,

Liu³

et al. 2013

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

123

130

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“…Fentanyl (2.5 mcg/kg) was effective whereas smaller doses were ineffective. 17 Ketamine when given orally (6 mg/kg) as premedication reduced the incidence of EA, 18 whereas propofol (1 mg/kg) 10 min before the end of surgery …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence agitation in paediatric patients using sevoflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia: a randomised controlled study

Pradeep

Manissery

Upadya

2017

Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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Background: Emergence agitation (EA) is a well-recognised phenomenon often observed in children following general anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and severity of EA in the paediatric age group under sevoflurane or isoflurane anaesthesia using the PAED Scale (Pediatric Anaesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale) (the primary outcome) and its correlation with preinduction agitation as well as its association with pain using the FLACC (Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability) score (the secondary outcome). Method: In this randomised controlled trial, 60 children aged between 2 and 6 years were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. All patients were induced with sevoflurane, relaxed with atracurium and the airway secured with an appropriate device. Anaesthesia was maintained with O 2 , N 2 O and sevoflurane or isoflurane. Adequate analgesia was ensured. Post-procedure, they were observed in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) for development of EA. The statistical package SPSS® version 17 was used and data were analysed using Student's unpaired t-test and a chi-square test. Statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05. Results: The mean PAED scale was 12.9 in the sevoflurane group and 9.4 in the isoflurane group (p < 0.001). The incidence of EA was significantly related to preinduction agitation (p = 0.00). Higher FLACC scores were observed only within the initial 10 min in the sevoflurane group (p = 0.009). Conclusions: An increased incidence of EA was observed with sevoflurane maintenance anaesthesia, particularly during the initial 10-20 min of the postoperative period. EA was strongly associated with preinduction agitation, but it was poorly correlated to pain, i.e. not all patients who developed EA had a high FLACC score.

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“…Secondly, fentanyl was administered to all the children before surgery. It has been shown that fentanyl administration during the induction of anesthesia does not affect the incidence of EA [18]. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication of anesthesia in children [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propofol reduces the incidence of emergence agitation in preschool-aged children as well as in school-aged children: a comparison with sevoflurane

2007

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Oral ketamine premedication can prevent emergence agitation in children after desflurane anaesthesia*

Abstract: Oral ketamine premedication reduced the incidence of postanaesthesia emergence agitation in children without delaying recovery.

Cited by 66 publications

References 23 publications

Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and placebo on emergence agitation after strabismus surgery in children

Comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and placebo on emergence agitation after strabismus surgery in children

Emergence agitation in paediatric patients using sevoflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia: a randomised controlled study

Propofol reduces the incidence of emergence agitation in preschool-aged children as well as in school-aged children: a comparison with sevoflurane

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