Oral Infections and Antibiotic Therapy

Context:Head and neck space infections source, age, gender, tooth involved, fascial spaces involved, microbiological study of aerobic flora, and antibiotic susceptibilities.Aims:The aim of the present study is to identify causative aerobic microorganisms responsible for deep fascial spaces of head and neck infections and evaluate the resistance of antibiotics used in the treatment of such.Settings and Design:Prospective study in 100 patients.Materials and Methods:This prospective study was conducted on 100 patients who reported in the outpatient department and fulfilled the inclusion criteria to study aerobic microbiology and antibiotic sensitivity in head and neck space infection of odontogenic origin. Pus sample was obtained either by aspiration or by swab stick from the involved spaces, and culture and sensitivity tests were performed.Statistical Analysis Used:Chi-square test and level of significance.Results:Result showed aerobic Gram-positive isolates were 73% and aerobic Gram-negative isolates were 18%. Nine percent cases showed no growth. Streptococcus viridans was the highest isolate in 47% cases among Gram-positive bacteria, and in Gram-negative, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the highest isolate of total cases 11%. Amoxicillin showed resistance (48.4%) as compared to other antibiotics such as ceftriaxone, carbenicillin, amikacin, and imipenem had significantly higher sensitivity.Conclusions:Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid showed (64.8%) efficacy for all organisms isolated, whereas ceftriaxone showed (82.4%) efficacy and could be used in odontogenic infections for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Substitution of third generation cephalosporin for amoxicillin in the empirical management of deep fascial space infections can also be used. Carbenicillin, amikacin, and imipenem showed (93.4%) sensitivity against all microorganisms and should be reserved for more severe infection. Newer and broad-spectrum antibiotics are more effective in vitro than older narrow spectrum antibiotics.

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“…In these situations, commensal flora may become pathogenic and cause tissue inflammation and destruction. [18]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic microbiology and culture sensitivity of head and neck space infection of odontogenic origin

Shah

Ramola

Nautiyal

2016

Natl J Maxillofac Surg

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“…Therefore, natural products with antiplaque properties, antimicrobial activity, and inhibitory effects against biofilm formation by oral pathogens would be desirable Antibiotics such as ampicillin, chlorhexidine, erythromycin, penicillin, tetracycline, and vancomycin have been used to prevent and treat dental caries (12,16,30). Recently, some plant extracts have been shown to have superior efficacy against antibiotic-resistant bacteria (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial and synergistic effects of the <i>n</i>-BuOH fraction of <i>Sophora flavescens</i> root against oral bacteria

Lee

Cha

Choi

et al. 2017

Journal of Oral Science

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“…It has been estimated that over 700 bacterial species reside in the oral cavity; some may be pathogenic, others are symbiotic or commensal [10,11]. When the normal flora of the mouth is disrupted, for example, with tobacco use, pregnancy, diet, nutrition, age and oral hygiene, indigenous bacteria can convert to a pathogenic existence leading to tissue inflammation and disease of oral structures [12,13]. Oral infections can be divided into two main types; those that originate in the tooth or the closely surrounding structures (odontogenic) and those that are not (nonodontogenic).…”

Section: Oral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Local Treatment of the Oral Cavity

2015

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Good oral health is of major importance for general health and well-being. Several innovative drug delivery systems have been developed for the local treatment and prevention of various diseases in the oral cavity. However, there are currently few optimal systems and many therapeutic challenges still remain, including low drug efficacy and retention at targeted site of action. The present review provides an insight into the latest drug delivery strategies for the local treatment and prevention of the four most common oral pathologies, namely, dental caries, periodontitis, oral mucosal infections and oral cancer. The potential of bioadhesive formulations, nanoparticulate platforms, multifunctional systems and photodynamic methodologies to improve therapy and prophylaxis in future local applications for the oral cavity will be discussed.

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Oral Infections and Antibiotic Therapy

Cited by 42 publications

References 76 publications

Aerobic microbiology and culture sensitivity of head and neck space infection of odontogenic origin

Aerobic microbiology and culture sensitivity of head and neck space infection of odontogenic origin

Antibacterial and synergistic effects of the <i>n</i>-BuOH fraction of <i>Sophora flavescens</i> root against oral bacteria

Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Local Treatment of the Oral Cavity

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