Background Pain of dental origin is a major reason why school age children seek dental care in low resource settings but how it affects their oral health related quality of life and satisfaction with dental condition remains under researched. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of dental pain on oral health related quality of life as well as its association with satisfaction with dental condition of school age children in Ibadan, Nigeria.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1006 pupils aged 9-12 years who attended randomly selected primary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. An interviewer administered questionnaire, Child–Oral Impact on Daily Performances inventory (C-OIDP) in addition to oral examination was used to obtain data. Analysis was done with SPSS version 23 and p value < 0.05 was considered significant.Results The prevalence of self-reported dental pain was 10.2%. The mean C-OIDP score was 2.6 (±7.2) overall and 9.8 (±12.4) for pupils with pain. About 68.9% of pupils with pain reported an impact on quality of life compared to 15.6% of those without dental pain (p < 0.001). Self-reported dental pain affected social, psychological and physical activities (p < 0.001). More children with dental pain (53.4%) were dissatisfied with their dental condition compared to those (12.8%) without dental pain (p < 0.001). Dental pain correlated with dissatisfaction with dental condition (rs = 0.32, p < 0.001). Among children with dental pain; those who were dissatisfied with their dental condition were more likely to report impairment in eating and enjoying food (OR=2.2, CI =1.1 - 4.1, p = 0.018) as well as in maintaining social contact (OR =3.1, CI =1.1 -9.1, p = 0.033).Conclusion Self-reported dental pain significantly impacted on all the domains of quality of life of the pupils and correlated positively with dissatisfaction with dental condition. Eating and enjoying food as well as maintaining social contact were significant predictors of dissatisfaction with dental condition among children with dental pain.