Oral health profile of postbariatric surgery individuals: A case series

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the oral health profile of individuals who had undergone gastric bypass surgery (GBP) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) to generate hypotheses for further studies.Material and Methods: Fourteen individuals treated with GBP or SG surgery ≥ 2 years ago and with observed and/or perceived oral problems were recruited to a case series. The documentation included clinical and radiographic examinations, biomedical sampling, and self-reported diet and questionnaires. The results are presented descriptively.Results: The age range was 31 to 66 years and all had a BMI > 25 (range 25.4-44.7).Only four participants were fully dentate. Eleven out of 14 individuals exhibited severe decay. A majority had poor oral hygiene and high bacterial counts. The flow rates of unstimulated saliva were extremely low and hyposalivation was present in ten of the fourteen cases. Most perceived several oral health problems, such as chewing difficulty and tooth hypersensitivity.Conclusions: Individuals who had undergone GBP or SG surgery had poor clinically diagnosed oral health and perceived oral health problems. Longitudinal studies are needed to monitor the patients' oral health, from before bariatric surgery to longterm postoperatively.bariatric surgery, case series, oral health | INTRODUCTIONObesity is a global health issue today with worldwide rates tripling since 1975. In 2016, 650 million adults (13%) were reported as obese that is, a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m 2 (WHO, 2020). The corresponding proportion in Sweden is 15%, according to a recent national health survey (The Public Health Agency of Sweden, 2018). Obesity is considered a risk factor for an array of chronic diseases (The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Collaborators, 2017) however, studies on the association between an obese condition and oral disease show somewhat contradictory results and causal relationships are not well established (Nascimento et al., 2016;Shivakumar, Srivastava, & Shivakumar, 2018).Obesity is difficult to treat despite several treatment options, including reduced dietary energy intake, physical activity,

Risk Factors for Dental Erosion After Bariatric Surgery: A Patient Survey

“…The respondents in the present study did not report any significantly increased symptoms of oral dryness ( Table 2 ) following bariatric surgery, which has been reported previously, 22 , 36 , 37 as has increased salivary flow rate. 37 …”

Evaluation of Stomatognathic System Parameters After Bariatric Surgery

“…Clinically severe obesity has been associated with several oral changes, including reduced salivary flow, periodontal diseases, tooth loss, and masticatory dysfunction [14,21]. However, studies on the association between obesity and oral diseases show contradictory results, and causal relationships are not well established [14,21]. We found that patients with clinically severe obesity exhibited abnormalities in the functioning of the stomatognathic system, with less muscle activity of the masseter and temporal muscles than women without obesity.…”

“…The sample size is the main limitation of our study. Nevertheless, given the study's complexity and considering the sample size variation between fourteen to sixty patients in previous studies [6,14,21], the sample size of the present study was reasonable. The study's strengths included the in-depth analysis of the stomatognathic system of patients with severe obesity before bariatric surgery and after 3 and 6 months.…”

“…Clinically severe obesity has been associated with several oral changes, including reduced salivary flow, periodontal diseases, tooth loss, and masticatory dysfunction [14,21]. However, studies on the association between obesity and oral diseases show contradictory results, and causal relationships are not well established [14,21].…”

“…Despite the many benefits of bariatric surgery, anatomical and functional change in the gastrointestinal tract anatomy may cause complications [12,13]. Recently, Taghat et al found that individuals who had undergone bariatric surgery had poor clinically diagnosed oral health and perceived oral health problems, indicating the importance of the dental professional in the patient follow-up [14]. However, little is known about the impact of bariatric surgery on the stomatognathic system's activity.…”