Oral Health of Parkinson’s Disease Patients: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the oral health status of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, to compare their oral health status to that of a control group, and to relate it to the duration and severity of PD. Materials and Methods. 74 PD patients and 74 controls were interviewed and orally examined. Among PD patients, the duration and the Hoehn and Yahr stage (HY) of the disease were registered. Results. More PD patients than controls reported oral hygiene care support as well as chewing/biting problems, taste disturbance, tooth mobility, and xerostomia, whereas dentate patients had more teeth with carious lesions, tooth root remnants, and biofilm. Both longer duration and higher HY were associated with more chewing problems and, in dentates, more teeth with restorations. In dentates, longer duration of the disease was associated with higher number of mobile teeth. Higher HY was associated with more oral hygiene care support as well as biting problems and, in dentates, more teeth with carious lesions and tooth root remnants. Conclusions. Comparatively, PD patients had weakened oral health status and reduced oral hygiene care. Both duration and severity of the disease were associated with more oral health and hygiene care problems.

Parkinson’s Disease, Periodontitis and Patient-Related Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Likewise, men have more prevalence of periodontitis than women, and active and former smokers have much more risk to its development (OR = 3.76) [19]. This prevalence is in line with previous studies, though they have used unsuited periodontal clinical methods [20][21][22][23]. Additionally, the prevalence of periodontitis in this age-group is in agreement with previous studies developed in this region, where these age groups have high levels of periodontal disease [19,38,39].…”

“…Nevertheless, the oral status in people with PD is poorly studied. A number of observational studies reported weakened oral health status and reduced oral hygiene care in PD patients [20][21][22][23], although the periodontal assessment performed in these studies was inadequate because partial mouth strategies were employed that increases reporting bias risk [13,24]. Furthermore, data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database revealed that periodontal inflammatory disease may increase the risk of developing PD [25], though clinical definitions followed the ninth revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM) and lack scientific robustness.…”

Improvement of oral function and hygiene in Parkinson's disease: A randomised controlled clinical trial

“…4,5 The PD patients have also reduced capability to carry out daily oral hygiene manoeuvres, which inevitably will lead to accumulation of plaque and debris, and risk of development of periodontal disease and caries. It is therefore important to investigate and treat the oro-facial and odontological issues that patients struggle with.…”

“…These findings were consistent with previous studies. 4,5 The PD patients have also reduced capability to carry out daily oral hygiene manoeuvres, which inevitably will lead to accumulation of plaque and debris, and risk of development of periodontal disease and caries. 14 Oro-facial function as chewing is a complex process involving integrated activities of the jaw elevator and depressor muscles, the lips, cheek and tongue.…”

“…3 Patients with PD have jaw tremor, and rigid facial and masticatory muscles as well as poorer jaw function than subjects without PD. 4,5 These disorders seem to increase with the duration and severity of the PD. Studies have also shown that patients with PD have decreased oro-facial function, jaw mobility and oral health, even when they are treated for their PD.…”