Oral health of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

Ismail, Ahmad Faisal; McGrath, Colman; Yiu, Cky

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2015.03.003

Cited by 44 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Conflicting evidence on the association between diabetes and increased prevalence of caries was found. Greater levels of dental plaque were noted in patients with diabetes and this may have implications for future risk of caries (26). Furthermore, children with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of periodontal diseases as evidenced by greater dental plaque levels, gingival inflammation and bleeding.…”

Section: V] Caries and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evidence summary: The relationship between oral diseases and diabetes

et al. 2017

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Introduction This paper is the third of four rapid reviews undertaken to explore the relationships between oral health and general medical conditions in order to support teams within Public Health England, health practitioners and policymakers.Aims This review aimed to explore the nature of the association between poor oral health and diabetes when found in the same individuals or populations, having reviewed the most contemporary evidence in the field.Methods The reviews were undertaken by four groups each comprising consultant clinicians from medicine and dentistry, trainees, public health and academics. The methodology involved a streamlined rapid review process and synthesis of the findings.Results The results identified a number of systematic reviews of low to high quality suggesting that diabetes is associated with periodontal disease, tooth loss, and oral cancer in particular, and that the management of oral diseases, most notably periodontal care, has a short-term beneficial influence on metabolic outcomes related to diabetes; however, there is no evidence that this is sustained over the long-term and reduces the prevalence of the long-term complications.Conclusion Current evidence, of mixed quality, suggests a number of associations between oral diseases and diabetes mellitus (diabetes). Further high quality research is required in this field.

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Section: V] Caries and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evidence summary: The relationship between oral diseases and diabetes

et al. 2017

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“…The diagnosis is usually established at a young age, although recent epidemiological studies have shown that T1D can onset also in adults and even at advanced age (Mayer‐Davis et al, ). A systematic review reported poorer periodontal conditions in children with T1D, as compared with systemically healthy children, notably with regards to greater plaque accumulation and higher levels of inflammation (Ismail, McGrath, & Yiu, ). For caries experience, the evidence was inconclusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal health in a cohort of subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Roy

Gastaldi

Courvoisier

et al. 2019

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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To evaluate periodontal health and oral health behaviors in a cohort of subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D), 50 persons with T1D (30 males and 20 females; mean age: 35.2 years) were recruited from the Diabetology Unit of the Geneva University Hospitals; 50 nondiabetic persons matched for gender, age, and smoking status comprised the control group. We assessed periodontal health using the gingival index (GI), plaque index, probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL) and recorded self‐reported attitudes and behaviors regarding dental care. The two groups were compared using conditional logistic regression. With respect to the mean PD, CAL, and the mean number of sites with PD >4 mm that bled upon probing, there were no significant differences between the groups. However, subjects with diabetes had significantly more plaque and gingival inflammation and presented more sites with BOP compared with control subjects. Further analysis of the subjects in younger (<40 years) and older (>40 years) cohorts revealed a marked difference in GI between younger healthy and controls, which was also present in older patients and controls but much reduced in magnitude and significance. This marked difference in the gingival health of young versus old diabetic patients to matched controls may provide diagnostic advantages and screening and prevention opportunities to exploit. In spite of similar self‐reported oral hygiene habits and frequency of dental visits, patients with T1D presented more plaque and more inflammation than healthy controls, particularly in the younger subjects. Gingivitis in young T1D patients may be an early indicator for more complicated diabetes and periodontitis in the future. Thus, patients with T1D mellitus should be screened for signs of periodontal disease early and should be motivated and instructed in good oral hygiene practices.

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“…1,19 Numa revisão sistemática, após avaliados 37 estudos sobre a saúde oral de crianças com diabetes tipo 1, foi observado maior índice de placa e maior PS, entre os pacientes com a doença crónica, contudo, quando analisadas as pesquisas de coorte, entre os artigos da revisão, não foram observadas diferenças com significância estatística, entre a condição periodontal de casos e controlos. 29 As periodontopatias caracterizam -se por um grupo de patologias que acometem os tecidos responsáveis pela proteção dos dentes e sua inserção no tecido ósseo alveolar, mandibular ou maxilar. 14 A etiopatogenia pode estar associada a processos inflamatórios, traumáticos, neoplásicos, alterações genéticas e metabólicas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Na prevenção de quadros infecciosos e complicações, o controlo da glicémia é essencial. 29 Baseia -se na educação alimentar, que deve manter o padrão calórico e nutricional adequados ao crescimento e desenvolvimento normais; na insulinoterapia, que pode variar com relação às idades e necessidades individuais, com diferentes dosagens, tempo de ação e intervalos de administração a tratamentos através de bombas de infusão contínuas; além da atividade física regular. A automonitorização glicémica, com a medida da glicemia capilar e a dosagem da hemoglobina glicada são indicadas na monitorização e avaliação do paciente, permitindo ajustes e alterações nas dosagens e orientações, evitando complicações micro e macrovasculares e até danos neurológicos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A automonitorização glicémica, com a medida da glicemia capilar e a dosagem da hemoglobina glicada são indicadas na monitorização e avaliação do paciente, permitindo ajustes e alterações nas dosagens e orientações, evitando complicações micro e macrovasculares e até danos neurológicos. 2,29 Nesta pesquisa, foram anotados os dados da HbA1c de todas as crianças do grupo dos casos. Os resultados variaram entre 4% à 15%, sendo a média de 8,71%, indicando assim, um grande número de pacientes com controlo glicémico inadequado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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