Oral Health of Babies and Mothers during the Breastfeeding Period

Silva, Luciana Pereira da; Bastos, Valéria de Abreu da Silva; Fidalgo, Tatiana Kelly da Silva; Oliveira, Carla Martins de; Pomarico, Luciana; Valente, Ana Paula; Freitas-Fernandes, Liana Bastos; Pomari, Ivete

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2019/40860.13132

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The NMR spectra presented distinct differences between infants without and with teeth (older than six months). The latter presented increased levels of multiple metabolites (Table 1B) [4].…”

Section: Dental Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include the small amount of sample needed compared with other volume average techniques, as well as the swiftness of the experimental data acquisition that can be performed in as fast as a few minutes [21]. The amount of saliva supernatant used for NMR analysis ranged from 0.17 to 0.60 mL (Table 1A) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. A saliva sample does not need any complex pre-treatment or preparation for the solution state NMR analysis to be performed [17].…”

Section: The Role Of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance In Saliva Testing Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A saliva sample does not need any complex pre-treatment or preparation for the solution state NMR analysis to be performed [17]. Specifically, the NMR saliva sample preparation consists of centrifugation, and subsequent addition of a NMR solvent, standard, and buffer to the supernatant inside an NMR tube [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. On the contrary, the more popular mass spectroscopic analysis requires multiple and more complex sample preparation steps (e.g., extraction, purification, digestion, separation), as well as costly labelling reference compounds for data acquisition and analysis.…”

Section: The Role Of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance In Saliva Testing Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least one hour [4,8,9], two hours [3][4][5][6]10,11,15], or complete refrain upon awaking [12,21] from oral activities, including eating, drinking, and oral hygiene, was found in the literature (Table 1). Unstimulated whole saliva with passive expectoration in a sterile container is widely accepted in order to eliminate potential variants [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][11][12][13]15,25]. When passive expectoration is not feasible, the use of cotton absorbent materials is not recommended [24,25].…”

Section: Proposed Saliva Collection Timing Protocol In the Dental CLImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic resonance analysis of saliva has identified significant biomarkers correlated with oral, dental, and periodontal pathology, as well as salivary biomarkers linked to the presence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and sarcoidosis. Interestingly, salivary biomarkers have been also used in order to verify and monitor established health after therapy of the pathology [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introduction-saliva Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Status of Magnetic Resonance on Saliva for Oral and Dental Health Early Diagnosis

Katsavochristou

Koumoulis

2020

Magnetochemistry

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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of biomolecules has recently gained attention for clinical diagnosis. Its combination with saliva collection and analysis can promote early disease detection and monitoring, by identifying biomarkers of specific underlying pathology or disease as detected in saliva. With this novel, non-invasive technique, certain salivary biomarkers have been linked to dental and periodontal tissues pathology, as well as to specific head and neck cancer malignancies. At present, diagnostic biomarkers are still in need for further identification (e.g., diagnosis and monitoring of Sjögren's syndrome), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been found to be a promising technique to compliment the current analytic methodology. Moreover, this article reports on the various data collection and analysis parameters used in the literature. Protocol standardization is yet to be established not only for the laboratory procedures, but also for the clinical sample collection. Herein, we review the current status of utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance in order to further support data on health associated biomarkers, and we also propose a saliva sampling scheduling protocol with the potential to be used in the clinical and experimental setting for standardization of the testing methodology.

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Section: Dental Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance In Saliva Testing Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance In Saliva Testing Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proposed Saliva Collection Timing Protocol In the Dental CLImentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction-saliva Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Status of Magnetic Resonance on Saliva for Oral and Dental Health Early Diagnosis

Katsavochristou

Koumoulis

2020

Magnetochemistry

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Analysis of Salivary Metabolites by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Before and After Oral Mucosa Cleaning of Infants in the Pre-dental Period

et al. 2021

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The aim of the present study was to verify if a protocol for cleaning the oral cavity of infants in the pre-dental period can reduce extrinsic salivary metabolites observed through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). A cross-sectional clinical study with a convenience sample was conducted, and infants were recruited at the UFRJ Pediatric Dentistry Clinic. Participants who had used antibiotics and/or antifungals up to 3 months before and whose legal guardians did not consent or sign the Informed Consent Form were excluded. An anamnesis was performed with the guardians and the participants' intraoral clinical examination. Initial collection of unstimulated total saliva was performed using an automatic pipette with sterile plastic tips in the buccal floor region, at least 1 h after the last feeding. Subsequently, the infants' oral mucosa was cleaned with gauze moistened with filtered water, and after 5 min, a new collection was performed, using the same methodology. The obtained samples were immediately transferred on ice to the laboratory, centrifuged (10,000 g), and stored at −80°C. The NMR analyses were performed using a 500-MHz spectrometer Bruker, Germany); evaluations were done via the 1H and 1H-1H TOCSY spectra for metabolite signaling. Eleven pre-dental infants were evaluated, with a mean age of 3.8 months, including six girls (55%). Of these, nine participants (82%) were exclusively breastfed. The higher presence of components such as lactose, glucose, sugars, acetate, alanine, and lactate were observed in the samples before oral mucosa cleaning. Regarding the type of diet, more lactose was observed in the saliva of patients who were exclusively breastfed than those that received mixed feeding. We conclude that the oral mucosa cleaning of infants in the pre-dental period tends to reduce the concentration of extrinsic components from the diet, such as lactose, in the salivary metabolomic profile analyzed by NMR.

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Updates and Original Case Studies Focused on the NMR-Linked Metabolomics Analysis of Human Oral Fluids Part III: Implementations for the Diagnosis of Non-Cancerous Disorders, Both Oral and Systemic

et al. 2023

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This communication represents Part III of our series of reports based on the applications of human saliva as a useful and conveniently collectable medium for the discovery, identification and monitoring of biomarkers, which are of some merit for the diagnosis of human diseases. Such biomarkers, or others reflecting the dysfunction of specific disease-associated metabolic pathways, may also be employed for the prognostic pathological tracking of these diseases. Part I of this series set the experimental and logistical groundwork for this report, and the preceding paper, Part II, featured the applications of newly developed metabolomics technologies to the diagnosis and severity grading of human cancer conditions, both oral and systemic. Clearly, there are many benefits, both scientific and economic, associated with the donation of human saliva samples (usually as whole mouth saliva) from humans consenting to and participating in investigations focused on the discovery of biomolecular markers of diseases. These include usually non-invasive collection protocols, relatively low cost when compared against blood sample collection, and no requirement for clinical supervision during collection episodes. This paper is centred on the employment and value of ‘state-of-the-art’ metabolomics technologies to the diagnosis and prognosis of a wide range of non-cancerous human diseases. Firstly, these include common oral diseases such as periodontal diseases (from type 1 (gingivitis) to type 4 (advanced periodontitis)), and dental caries. Secondly, a wide range of extra-oral (systemic) conditions are covered, most notably diabetes types 1 and 2, cardiovascular and neurological diseases, and Sjögren’s syndrome, along with a series of viral infections, e.g., pharyngitis, influenza, HIV and COVID-19. Since the authors’ major research interests lie in the area of the principles and applications of NMR-linked metabolomics techniques, many, but not all, of the studies reviewed were conducted using these technologies, with special attention being given to recommended protocols for their operation and management, for example, satisfactory experimental model designs; sample collection and laboratory processing techniques; the selection of sample-specific NMR pulse sequences for saliva analysis; and strategies available for the confirmation of resonance assignments for both endogenous and exogenous molecules in this biofluid. This article also features an original case study, which is focussed on the use of NMR-based salivary metabolomics techniques to provide some key biomarkers for the diagnosis of pharyngitis, and an example of how to ‘police’ such studies and to recognise participants who perceive that they actually have this disorder but do not from their metabolic profiles and multivariate analysis pattern-based clusterings. The biochemical and clinical significance of these multidimensional metabolomics investigations are discussed in detail.

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Oral Health of Babies and Mothers during the Breastfeeding Period

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Current Status of Magnetic Resonance on Saliva for Oral and Dental Health Early Diagnosis

Current Status of Magnetic Resonance on Saliva for Oral and Dental Health Early Diagnosis

Analysis of Salivary Metabolites by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Before and After Oral Mucosa Cleaning of Infants in the Pre-dental Period

Updates and Original Case Studies Focused on the NMR-Linked Metabolomics Analysis of Human Oral Fluids Part III: Implementations for the Diagnosis of Non-Cancerous Disorders, Both Oral and Systemic

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