Oral Health in a Sample of Pregnant Women from Northern Appalachia (2011–2015)

Neiswanger, Katherine; McNeil, Daniel W.; Foxman, Betsy; Govil, Manika; Cooper, Margaret E.; Weyant, Robert J.; Shaffer, John R.; Crout, Richard J.; Simhan, Hyagriv N.; Beach, Scott R.; Chapman, Stella; Zovko, Jayme; Brown, Linda J.; Strotmeyer, Stephen; Maurer, Jennifer; Marazita, Mary L.

doi:10.1155/2015/469376

Cited by 37 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A caries assessment was conducted to yield an index of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), including white spots. Examiners were trained and calibrated on all indices; reliability data can be found in Neiswanger et al (2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depression and Rural Environment Are Associated With Poor Oral Health Among Pregnant Women in Northern Appalachia

et al. 2015

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Objectives Both oral health problems and depression among pregnant women contribute to maternal-infant health outcomes. Little is known, however, about the potential effects of clinically-significant depression on the oral health status of pregnant women. The purpose of the present study was to determine the influence of clinically-significant depression and rural- or urban-dwelling status on oral health outcomes among pregnant women. Materials and Methods Pregnant women (N=685) in rural (i.e., West Virginia) and urban (i.e., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) areas of northern Appalachia were assessed by calibrated examiners regarding gingivitis, oral hygiene, and DMFT, completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression scale (CESD), and provided demographics. Participants were categorized based on clinically significant depressive symptoms (CESD>=16) and rural/urban domicile. Results Women with depression and those living in rural areas had worse oral health on all three indices than their non-depressed and urban counterparts. Conclusions Depression, particularly among women in rural areas, impacts certain oral health indices, and represents a modifiable target for intervention. Moreover, treatments designed specifically for rural populations may be of particular utility. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant may benefit from regular depression screenings from their dental and medical healthcare providers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information about training of examiners and inter-reliability can be found in Neiswanger et al (2015). Thereafter, participants were contacted by telephone for a structured interview by trained staff.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Rural Environment Are Associated With Poor Oral Health Among Pregnant Women in Northern Appalachia

et al. 2015

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“…Interrater reliability scores (Cohen's kappa) for sound, decayed, and filled groups surface codes ranged from 82.1 to 92.5. Specific protocol for the clinical examination and calibration is described elsewhere [19]. Gingivitis was classified based on a soft tissue examination into localized, generalized, or hyperplasia.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurrence of yeast, streptococci, dental decay, and gingivitis in the post-partum period: results of a longitudinal study

Ramadugu

Blostein

Bhaumik

et al. 2020

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Objective: The interactions between yeast and streptococci species that lead to dental decay and gingivitis are poorly understood. Our study describes these associations among a cohort of 101 post-partum women enrolled in the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia, 2012-2013. Methods: All eligible women without dental caries were included (n = 21) and the remainder were randomly sampled to represent the total number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) at enrollment. We used amplicon sequencing and qPCR of saliva from 2, 6, 12 and 24 visits to determine microbiome composition. Results: Active decay and generalized gingivitis were strongly predictive of each other. Using adjusted marginal models, Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans combined were associated with active decay (OR = 3.13; 95% CI 1.26, 7.75). However, C. albicans alone (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 0.81, 6.75) was associated with generalized gingivitis, but S. mutans alone was not (OR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.21, 1.44). Models including microbiome community state types (CSTs) showed CSTs positively associated with active decay were negatively associated with generalized gingivitis. Discussion: C. albicans is associated with active decay and generalized gingivitis, but whether one or both are present depends on the structure of the co-existing microbial community.

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“… 10 The first study, COHRA 1, conducted from 2000 to 2010 found high levels of dental caries in children: 5% in 2-year-olds, 21% in 3-year-olds, 35% in 4-year-olds, and 51% in 5-year-olds. 11 Another study, COHRA 2, is ongoing and involves the assessment of pregnant mothers and their babies. 11 …”

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confidence: 99%