Oral Health: diet and other factors

Arens, Ursula

doi:10.1111/j.1467-3010.1999.tb01133.x

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…When Rugg-Gunn 2 reanalysed the same data using partial correlation analysis, on the removal of sugar the correlation disappeared. However, when the influence of wheat was removed, the correlation between sugar consumption and caries levels only reduced from 0.70 to 0.60, indicating that sugar plays a much greater role in the aetiology of caries than the availability of wheat 1 .…”

Section: Refined Cerealsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The characteristic form of the pH response in plaque to sugars, plotted against time, is called the Stephan curve. The episodic nature of the Stephan curve indicates that frequency and duration of ingestion of dietary sugars are important aspects of caries 1 . As the pH falls calcium and phosphate ions are lost from the enamel.…”

Section: The Interaction Of Sugars and Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The foundation of this lies in the multiplicity of studies rather than the power of any one.' 1 . That statement by the British Nutrition Foundation's Task Force on Oral Health, Diet and Other Factors, sums up the relationship between sugars and caries in Europe.…”

Section: Major Risk Factors For Dental Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food transitions in the 20th–21st century

Bengoa¹

2001

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Dental caries is a highly prevalent chronic disease and its consequences cause a lot of pain and suffering. Sugars, particularly sucrose, are the most important dietary aetiological cause of caries. Both the frequency of consumption and total amount of sugars is important in the aetiology of caries.`The evidence establishing sugars as an aetiological factor in dental caries is overwhelming. The foundation of this lies in the multiplicity of studies rather than the power of any one.'1 . That statement by the British Nutrition Foundation's Task Force on Oral Health, Diet and Other Factors, sums up the relationship between sugars and caries in Europe. There is no evidence that sugars naturally incorporated in the cellular structure of foods (intrinsic sugars) or lactose in milk or milk products (milk sugars) have adverse effects on health. Foods rich in starch, without the addition of sugars, play a small role in coronal dental caries. The intake of extrinsic sugars beyond four times a day leads to an increase risk of dental caries. The current dose-response relationship between caries and extrinsic sugars suggests that the sugars levels above 60 g/person/day for teenagers and adults increases the rate of caries. For pre-school and young children the intakes should be proportional to those for teenagers; about 30 g/person/day for pre-school children. Fluoride, particularly in toothpastes, is a very important preventive agent against dental caries. Toothbrushing without fluorides has little effect on caries. As additional fluoride to that currently available in toothpaste does not appear to be benefiting the teeth of the majority of people, the main strategy to further reduce the levels of caries, is reducing the frequency of sugars intakes in the diet. Dental erosion rates are considered to be increasing. The aetiology is acids in foods and drinks and to a much lesser extent from regurgitation.

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Section: Refined Cerealsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: The Interaction Of Sugars and Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food transitions in the 20th–21st century

Bengoa¹

2001

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“…Additionally, carious lesions involve molars more often than the anterior dentition or premolars (Arens, 1999). These factors create the possibility for biased results when attempting to reconstruct prehistoric dietary behaviors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental caries prevalence as evidence for agriculture and subsistence variation during the Yayoi period in prehistoric Japan: Biocultural interpretations of an economy in transition

Temple

Larsen

2007

American J Phys Anthropol

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The Yayoi period represents the earliest point of agricultural dependence in Japan, dating from approximately 2500 BP to AD 300. Yayoi period people consumed wet-rice as a primary subsistence base. This article uses dental caries prevalence to interpret the biocultural implications of agriculture among these people by testing the following hypotheses: 1) Yayoi period agriculturalists had greater frequencies of carious teeth than Jomon period foragers, 2) regional variation in carious tooth frequencies will be observed among Yayoi period agriculturalists, while 3) variation in carious tooth frequencies will be observed between male and female agriculturalists. Statistically significant differences in carious teeth were observed between the agriculturalists from Southern Honshu and all other samples. These differences suggest greater reliance on cariogenic plants among farmers from Southern Honshu and are consistent with an agricultural economy. The people of the Yayoi period from Tanegashima Island and Northern Kyushu did not have significantly different carious tooth frequencies compared to Jomon period foragers. This suggests that rice alone was not a more cariogenic dietary substance than those consumed by Jomon period foragers but a cariogenic food nonetheless. Dietary heterogeneity between the prehistoric people of the Yayoi period from Southern Honshu and those from Northern Kyushu and Tanegashima Island is also inferred from these differences. Significantly greater frequencies of carious teeth among older aged Yayoi period females compared with males suggest dietary differences between the sexes.

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“…7 and 8). Elevated levels of estrogen associated with menstrual cycles and pregnancy are associated with decreased salivary flow rates (Arnes, 1999). Pregnancy may drive folate deficiencies, elevated cortisol levels, and a lowered salivary pH that reduces normal buffering capacity against oral flora (Lukacs and Largaespada, 2006).…”

Section: Dietary Adjustment and Nutritional Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health and the postcontact adaptive transition: A contextual reconstruction of diet in Mórrope, Peru

Klaus

Tam

2009

American J Phys Anthropol

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This work explores the effects of European contact on Andean foodways in the Lambayeque Valley Complex, north coast Peru. We test the hypothesis that Spanish colonization negatively impacted indigenous diet. Diachronic relationships of oral health were examined from the dentitions of 203 late-pre-Hispanic and 175 colonial-period Mochica individuals from Mórrope, Lambayeque, to include observations of dental caries, antemortem tooth loss, alveolar inflammation, dental calculus, periodontitis, and dental wear. G-tests and odds ratio analyses across six age classes indicate a range of statistically significant postcontact increases in dental caries, antemortem tooth loss, and dental calculus prevalence. These findings are associated with ethnohistoric contexts that point to colonial-era economic reorganization which restricted access to multiple traditional food sources. We infer that oral health changes reflect creative Mochica cultural adjustments to dietary shortfalls through the consumption of a greater proportion of dietary carbohydrates. Simultaneously, independent skeletal indicators of biological stress suggest that these adjustments bore a cost in increased nutritional stress. Oral health appears to have been systematically worse among colonial women. We rule out an underlying biological cause (female fertility variation) and suggest that the establishment of European gender ideologies and divisions of labor possibly exposed colonial Mochica women to a more cariogenic diet. Overall, dietary change in Mórrope appears shaped by local responses to a convergence of colonial Spanish economic agendas, landscape transformation, and social changes during the postcontact transition in northern Peru. These findings also further the understandings of dietary and biocultural histories of the Western Hemisphere.

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Oral Health: diet and other factors

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Food transitions in the 20th–21st century

Food transitions in the 20th–21st century

Dental caries prevalence as evidence for agriculture and subsistence variation during the Yayoi period in prehistoric Japan: Biocultural interpretations of an economy in transition

Oral health and the postcontact adaptive transition: A contextual reconstruction of diet in Mórrope, Peru

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