Oral Health and Nutritional Characteristics of Adults With Morbid Obesity: A Multivariate Analysis

Abstract

The relationship between oral health and nutritional aspects are complex, especially in individuals with chronic diseases and comorbidities, such as morbid obesity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to identify oral health and nutritional-related patterns in 113 individuals, aged 19–68 years (92 females), seeking treatment for morbid obesity. Sociodemographic variables and medical records were examined, in addition to the consumption of fruit, vegetables, candies, and processed foods. Measures of body mass index, neck, waist and hip, caries experience (DMFT index), Community Periodontal Index (CPI index), and salivary physicochemical aspects were gathered. Aspects of oral health-related quality of life and symptoms of dry mouth were evaluated by means of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and Xerostomia Inventory-XI questionnaires. K-means cluster analysis and, subsequently, comparisons between clusters (one-way ANOVA) were performed (α = 5%). Three clusters were generated: Cluster 1 (labeled “Young”; n = 77) was characterized by younger participants with higher BMI, who reported the use of distractors while eating, the smallest number of meals/day, and who consumed sweetened drinks and processed food the day before. Cluster 2 (labeled “Diabetic individuals”; n = 12) was characterized by older participants with the highest proportion of diabetic participants (100% were diabetic; 73% insulin users), lower BMI, higher DMFT index and OHIP-14 and xerostomia scores, and who reported having consumed fruit and vegetables the day before. Finally, Cluster 3 (labeled “Poor periodontal health”; n = 24) was characterized by participants with the worse periodontal condition (higher CPI), and lower salivary flow, pH, and buffer capacity. Cluster 1 and 2 were the groups that showed higher demand for nutritional and dietetic counseling, because of the poor eating behavior and higher serum glucose levels, respectively. On the other hand, Cluster 2 and 3 showed the higher demand for oral rehabilitation and dental treatment because of the loss of teeth and worse periodontal condition, respectively, besides the need for dietetic counseling. This sample of individuals with morbid obesity showed very unique oral-health and nutritional characteristics and special needs patterns that should be identified to adjust or change unhealthy habits, thus improving the assistance of this condition.

Impacto da periodontite na qualidade de vida de pacientes obesos: uma revisão sistemática

“…No estudo Yamashita et al, (2015) não houve diferença nos escores do OID-P entre pessoas obesas e não obesas, no entanto os autores sugerem que as doenças bucais fazem parte das disfunções metabólicas dos indivíduos obesos, compreendendo a QVRSB e a saúde geral desses indivíduos. Marquezin et al, (2020) conduziram um estudo com grande amostra de indivíduos com obesidade mórbida. O estudo apontou que, mesmo analisando um grupo de indivíduos com nível socioeconômico e antropométrico semelhantes, essa amostra de indivíduos com obesidade mórbida apresentou grupos heterogêneos (clusters) com diferentes características e necessidades de saúde bucal e sistêmica.…”

“…Questionário da frequência de alimentos (food frequency questionnaire-FFQ), Radiografias periapicais e bilaterais Bitewing, CPOD, Índice de placa (IP)-Profundidade de bolsa (PB)-Índice de sangramento (IS)Sim n: amostra, IMC: Índice de Massa Corporal, F: feminino, M: Masculino, Kg: kilogramos, m: metro, QVRSB: Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde Bucal. Fonte: Autores.Cinco artigos foram selecionados, o estudo de coorte prospectivo(CORTELLI et al, 2021), ensaio clínico randomizadode Basher et al, (2017), estudo de tipo transversal(Marquezin et al, 2020) e Almonzino et al, (2020) o qual realizou o estudo de tipo caso controle. Almonzino et al, (2020) avaliou a condição periodontal por meio dos exames clínicos de Nível de Inserção Clínica (NIC) média: 4.23mm, Profundidade de Bolsa (PB) (média: 2.98mm), Índice de Placa (IP) (média: 0.54) e Índice gengival (IG) (média: 0.32) o estudo prospectivo de Cortelli e colaboradores (2021), teve como objetivo determinar a relação entre a condição periodontal e a qualidade de vida.…”

Impact of gastroplasty on salivary characteristics, dental health status and oral sensory aspects: A controlled clinical study

“…Data collection was performed by means of a structured questionnaire applied during an interview (for more details, please see Marquezin et al, 2020) 24 . The following data were investigated: date of birth, age, declared ethnic group (black/white/mixed), marital status, educational level, family income, weight, height, use of chronic medications and any diseases or health conditions (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dependent insulin), in addition to dental history.…”

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of AqualiefTM Mucoadhesive Tablets in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Who Developed Radiation-Induced Xerostomia

“…Secondary Endpoints: Determination of pH of the mouth cavity: change from baseline to 8 days of treatment. Xerostomia evaluation (XQ-I questionnaire) [ 30 ]: change from baseline to 8 days of treatment MDADI questionnaire [ 31 , 32 ]: change from baseline to 8 days of treatment. Adherence to the treatment by accountability: total tablets used from baseline to 8 days of treatment.…”