Oral findings in chronic kidney disease. A cross-sectional study in Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Background: In hemodialysis patients, there are some oral hard and soft tissue changes. Objectives: The aim of this single-center, cross-sectional study was to evaluate oral findings in hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: A total of 144 patients participated. Of them, 28 patients (19%) had diabetes mellitus (DM), 17 patients (12%) had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and 15 patients (10%) had severe hypertension. The oral cavity was inspected by an oral medicine specialist using proper light, mirror and explorer. The lips, cheek, tongue, palatal mucosa, floor of the mouth, gingiva, pharyngeal fauces, dentures, teeth and occlusion were checked. The significance level was P < 0.05. Results: Around 78% of the studied population had oral manifestations. The most diagnosed finding in hemodialysis patients was dryness of the mouth followed by tooth loss due to mobility and poor oral hygiene. Diabetic cases showed numerous oral symptoms than nondiabetic subjects. Conclusions: Oral lesions in hemodialysis patients is a prominent finding and untreated lesions may cause severe side effects. ABSTRACT Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:There exists an association between hemodialysis patients and oral hard and soft tissue changes. The most diagnosed finding in hemodialysis patients was dryness of the mouth followed by tooth loss due to mobility and poor oral hygiene. It seems that oral lesions in hemodialysis patients are evident and untreated lesions may cause severe side effects. Please cite this paper as: Afroozi B, Ghapanchi J, Khorshidi H, Esnaashari N, Faghih M. Oral findings in hemodialysis patients; a cross-sectional study in Shiraz, Iran.

Oral findings in patients with chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional descriptive study in Cuenca, Ecuador

“…The difference could be related to the event that the work in mention considered for their analysis certain variables that could have been linked to subjective concepts such as dry mouth sensation, changes in taste perception, mucosal pallor, and halitosis or because they evaluated conditions that are not necessarily associated with CKD, and that of themselves are frequent in the general population such as bacterial plaque, calculus, gingival bleeding, and dental caries, while our research was based fundamentally on clinical manifestations that appear in the oral mucosa. Meanwhile, similar results to ours were reported by research in an iranian population showing that 78% of their study population presented oral findings [16].…”

“…Being considered as a systemic disease, CKD occurs along with a wide spectrum of concomitant oral findings associated with the accumulation of uremic toxins and the presence of other determinants such as dehydration, aging, drugs, immunosuppression, poor oral hygiene [14,16,19]. [14,17,20].…”

“…These oral findings are varied and are related to the conditions of the disease itself, to the effects of therapy, or to both [14]. Among these findings, some have been described as: geographic tongue, dry mouth sensation, taste changes, mucosal pallor, uremic breath, dental calculus, gingival bleeding, dental caries and infections such as candidiasis and recurrent herpes [7,[14][15][16][17][18].…”

“…Therefore, although a considerable amount of scientific evidence affirms that CKD is a systemic disease frequently associated with a set of oral findings [16,18], the subject has not yet been fully addressed and more reports describing the frequency of these findings in different populations are needed.…”