Oral Delivery of Probiotics Using pH-Sensitive Tablets

Abstract

As alternatives to antibiotics in livestocks, probiotics have been used, although most of them in the form of liquid or semisolid formulations, which show low cell viability after oral administration. Therefore, suitable dry dosage forms should be developed for livestocks to protect probiotics against the low pH in the stomach such that the products have higher probiotics survivability. Here, in order to develop a dry dosage forms of probiotics for poultry, we used hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate 55 (HPMCP 55) as a tablet-forming matrix to develop probiotics in a tablet form for poultry. Here, we made three different kinds of probiotics-loaded tablet under different compression forces and investigated their characteristics based on their survivability, morphology, disintegration time, and kinetics in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. The results indicated that the probiotics formulated in the tablets displayed higher survival rates in acidic gastric conditions than probiotics in solution. Rapid release of the probiotics from the tablets occurred in simulated intestinal fluid because of fast swelling of the tablets in neutral pH. As a matrix of tablet, HPMCP 55 provided good viability of probiotics after 6 months under refrigeration. Moreover, after oral administration of probiotics-loaded tablets to chicken, more viable probiotics were observed, than with solution type, through several digestive areas of chicken by the tablets.

Oral Delivery of Probiotics Using pH-Sensitive Phthalyl Inulin Tablets

“…For the tablets, a mixture of LR and PI (weight ratio of LR to PI = 1:1) was filled into a 4 mm diameter die. The tablets were formed under different pressures ranging from 3 to 10 kilopascal (KP) with a plane surface according to Tao et al [20].…”

“…The stability studies were performed as described in a previous method [20]. The SGF was prepared by PBS adjusted to pH 2.0 with or without pepsin (1,000 U/ml) by 1 M HCl.…”

“…The cell viability of LR in the tablets sequentially exposed to SGF and SIF was performed by the following method [20] with some modifications. Tablets were incubated in 5 ml SGF (pH 2, 1,000 U/ml pepsin) at 37ºC with 100 rpm for 2 h. Then, the tablets were quickly transferred to 5 ml SIF and incubated at 37ºC with 100 rpm for 4 h. SIF was prepared by PBS adjusted to pH 6.8 with 1.2% (w/v) bile salt.…”

“…In the health industry, there are several methods of formulating probiotics for use as food supplements and these include powder, liquid, and spray forms, although the most commonly used is powder. Although there have not been many reports, on creating a tablet form for oral delivery of probiotics one previous study did show that it is easy to formulate probiotics into tablet form with a pHsensitive polymer that successfully protected probiotics from harsh stomach conditions [20].…”

Isolation and evaluation of putative probiotic strains from different teleost to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in Cyprinus carpio

“…The probiotics have been used to enhance the production in poultry and animal husbandry in past (Harimurti & Hadisaputro, ; Jiang et al, ; Uyeno, Shigemori, & Shimosato, ). A frequent use of commercial probiotics in aquaculture has been observed in the last two decades.…”