Oral colonization by Streptococcus mutans and its association with the severity of periodontal disease in adults

Contardo,; Díaz, Nora; Lobos, Olga; Padilla, Carlos; Giacaman, RA

doi:10.1016/s0718-5391(11)70058-1

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…de la enfermedad periodontal se correlaciona con un aumento en el recuento de Streptococcus mutans (14) . Diferencias en la composición de la microflora oral podría ser un mecanismo potencial para explicar una supuesta mayor prevalencia de caries radiculares y periodontitis en pacientes diabéticos (15) .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Asociación entre el consumo de macronutrientes de la dieta y caries en adultos y adultos mayores diabéticos tipo 2

Giacaman

Quintanilla

Poblete

2012

Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral

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RESUMEN Objetivos: Se ha reportado una mayor tasa de caries en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM), probablemente debido a cambios en los patrones de dieta. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si existe una asociación entre la composición de macronutrientes de la dieta y la caries en sujetos con DM. Métodos: Una muestra compuesta por 33 sujetos con DM y 37 controles sin la patología fue examinada para determinar la experiencia de caries mediante el índice COPD y la prevalencia de caries radiculares con ICDAS II. Se aplicó una encuesta de dieta de reporte de 24 horas. Para determinar la composición de la dieta, los alimentos fueron clasificados acorde al contenido de macronutrientes; carbohidratos, proteínas y lípidos (gramos/día, kilocalorías y porcentaje del nutriente/día). Resultados: Los resultados fueron analizados mediante Kruskal-Wallis y Mann-Whitney. Un análisis de correlación y un modelo de regresión lineal se utilizaron para analizar la asociación entre composición de macronutrientes y la tasa de caries coronales y radiculares, con un nivel de significancia del 95%. Resultados: Los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 mostraron mayor número de dientes perdidos por caries, más dientes obturados y más caries radiculares (p<0.05) que los controles sin DM. Los diabéticos presentaron menor consumo de carbohidratos (p=0.021), pero mayor consumo de proteínas (p=0.0405) que los controles. Se verificó una asociación directa entre un mayor consumo de proteínas con una tasa mayor de caries radiculares en pacientes con DM (p<0.001). Conclusión: Las diferencias en el consumo de macronutrientes en pacientes con DM no se relacionan con tasas diferenciales de caries coronales, pero un mayor consumo de proteínas se asocia con una mayor prevalencia de caries radiculares. ABSTRACT Objectives: Higher caries rates have been reported for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (DM). Changes in dietary patterns may be partly responsible. The aim of this study was to examine a potential association between dietary macronutrient composition and caries experience in DM patients. Methods: Thirty three adults with DM and thirty seven controls, not affected by DM, were examined to assess coronal caries through DMFT index and root caries by ICDAS II. A 24-hr diet recall survey was used to determine dietary macronutrient composition supplemented with standardized tables and expressed as grams /day, kilocalories/nutrient and percentage of nutrient/day. Results were compared using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney. A correlation analysis was performed and a linear regression model was built for a potential association between macronutrient composition and coronal or root caries. A 95% significance level was set. Results: DM patients showed lower remaining teeth, more fillings and more root caries (p<0.05) than controls. Lower carbohydrate consumption (p=0.021), but higher protein intake (p=0.0405) was observed in DM patients as compared with controls. A statistically significant association between an increased protein consumption and h...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Asociación entre el consumo de macronutrientes de la dieta y caries en adultos y adultos mayores diabéticos tipo 2

Giacaman

Quintanilla

Poblete

2012

Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral

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“…were shown to co-aggregate in vivo with Veillonella spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum and Actinomyces naeslundi, they can be assumed to play a relevant role in periodontopathic biofilm [77]. Elevated S. mutans levels appear to correlate directly with increased severity of periodontal disease among untreated elderly patients [78]. The subgingival area is a microbial habitat not only for periopathogens but also for mutans streptococci, indicating a disturbed micro environment of the oral cavity [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of commercial kits and published primer pairs for the detection of periodontopathogens

et al. 2016

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ObjectivesDespite the input of microbiome research, a group of 20 bacteria continues to be the focus of periodontal diagnostics and therapy. The aim of this study was to compare three commercial kits and laboratory-developed primer pairs for effectiveness in detecting such periodontopathogens.Materials and methodsFourteen bacterial mock communities, consisting of 16 randomly assembled bacterial strains, were used as reference standard for testing kits and primers. Extracted DNA from mock communities was analyzed by PCR in-house with specific primers and forwarded for analysis to the manufacturer’s laboratory of each of the following kits: ParoCheck®Kit 20, micro-IDent®plus11, and Carpegen® Perio Diagnostik.ResultsThe kits accurately detected Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia/Prevotella nigrescens, Parvimonas micra, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter rectus/showae, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, and Veillonella parvula. The in-house primers for F.nucleatum were highly specific to subtypes of the respective periopathogen. Other primers repeatedly detected oral pathogens not present in the mock communities, indicating reduced specificity.ConclusionsThe commercial kits used in this study are reliable tools to support periodontal diagnostics. Whereas the detection profile of the kits is fixed at a general specificity level, the design of primers can be adjusted to differentiate between highly specific strains. In-house primers are more error-prone. Bacterial mock communities can be established as a reference standard for any similar testing.Clinical relevanceThe tested kits render good results with selected bacterial species. Primers appear to be less useful for routine clinical diagnostics and of limited applicability in research. Basic information about the periodontopathogens identified in this study supports clinical decision-making.

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“…The analysis of bacterial species was performed using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method [19][20][21]. Whole genomic probes were prepared from nine bacterial strains that are part of supra and subgingival plaque biofilm, some of them related to caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease (S. mutans, S. sobrinus, P. intermedia, S. salivarius, S. mitis, B. forsythus, L. casei, L. salivarius, and L. fermentum) [22,23]. An evaluation of the bacterial counts in the samples was performed by comparing the obtained signals with the ones generated by the pooled standard samples containing a count of 10 6 and 10 5 of each bacterial species, respectively.…”

Section: Microbiological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration in Saliva and Antibacterial Effect of Xylitol Chewing Gum: In Vivo and In Vitro Study

et al. 2020

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Purpose. The saliva concentration of xylitol released from two chewing gums was recorded, the first containing xylitol as the only sweetener (100% xylitol) and the second containing only 22% of the polyol. In addition, the in vitro antibacterial effect of the two chewing gums was evaluated. Materials and Methods. The salivary concentration of Xylitol in 32 subjects was determined before and at 0.30, 1.00, 2.00, 5.00, and 10.00 min while using the chewing gums, and at 15.00, 20.00, and 25.00 min after the gums were discarded. In vitro antibacterial activity was determined on a pooled subgingival plaque sample obtained from four patients with periodontal disease. Cariogenic and periodontal bacteria were evaluated before and 15 min, 60 min, and 24 h after gum contact. Results. Using the 100% xylitol chewing gum, saliva levels increased bimodally, one peak after 30 s (1.49 ± 1.41 logμg/L) and a second one at a 10-min evaluation (1.41 ± 1.11 logμg/L); the 22% chewing gum peaked only two minute after contact (1.21 ± 1.24 logμg/L). Overall, a statistically significantly higher salivary concentration of xylitol was detected using the 100% xylitol gum. All bacteria decreased after the addition of the two chewing gums; the 100% gum achieved a greater decrease than the 22% gum. Conclusion. The use of both chewing gums increased the concentrations of xylitol in saliva, with a statistically significantly higher concentration using the 100% xylitol gum. Cariogenic and periodontal bacteria were reduced by both chewing gums; 100% xylitol gum produced the highest and longest lasting effect. This study opens up to the use of xylitol against periodontal disease.

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Oral colonization by Streptococcus mutans and its association with the severity of periodontal disease in adults

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Asociación entre el consumo de macronutrientes de la dieta y caries en adultos y adultos mayores diabéticos tipo 2

Asociación entre el consumo de macronutrientes de la dieta y caries en adultos y adultos mayores diabéticos tipo 2

Accuracy of commercial kits and published primer pairs for the detection of periodontopathogens

Concentration in Saliva and Antibacterial Effect of Xylitol Chewing Gum: In Vivo and In Vitro Study

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