Abstract:Актуальность. Правильный и регулярный уход за полостью рта -неотъемлемая часть профилактики стоматологических заболеваний. Арктическая зона России ввиду своих климатических и других особенностей требует отдельного изучения распространенности и интенсивности кариеса, а также факторов, способствующих его развитию. Цель исследования -провести анализ практик гигиены рта, выполняемых детьми и их родителями, в г. Архангельске и оценить связь между практиками и стоматологическим статусом детей. Материалы и методы. Вы… Show more
“…В АЗРФ у подростков отмечается высокий уровень распространенности кариеса, а интенсивность имеет сильный разброс значений от 2,5 в г. Норильске до 8,4 в г. Салехарде [4,5]. Особенности течения кариеса связаны со множеством известных факторов риска, включая ограниченные возможности доступа к стоматологическим услугам [6], низкую осведомленность о гигиене полости рта [7], диету, богатую углеводами и промышленно переработанными продуктами питания [8], особенности состава питьевой воды [6,9]. В настоящий момент дополнительно в патогенезе кариеса зубов пристальное внимание уделяется иономике смешанной слюны (ротовой жидкости) [10], что может объясняться рядом причин.…”
The relationship between the intensity of caries and mineral composition of oral fluid in adolescents in the Arctic zone of Russia was investigated using the example of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. This study included 171 healthy boys and girls aged 15–17 years. The intensity of caries was assessed using the index caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth and its components. Unstimulated oral fluid was collected into sterile tubes. Sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and total and ionized calcium content and pH were examined in the oral fluid. Considering the pronounced right-sided asymmetry of the components of the index caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth, calculations were performed using Poisson regression models. Results were presented as relative risks with 95% confidence intervals and as tests for trend. The prevalence of caries in the sample population did not differ by sex and was 87.8% for boys and 93.3% for girls (p = 0.221). On average, 1.8 carious teeth per person were detected in boys and 1.4 in girls (p = 0.021). No differences were found in the number of filled (p = 0.167) and extracted (p = 0.981) teeth. Additionally, the total sodium content in oral fluid was directly proportional to the index of caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth (p = 0.040) and number of carious teeth (p 0.001). The total oral fluid calcium was significantly associated with both the caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth index (p = 0.019) and number of filled teeth (p = 0.001). Inverse relationships were found between the number of filled teeth and magnesium (p = 0.028) and phosphorus (p = 0.037) content. The study showed the presence of statistically significant relationships between the mineral composition of oral fluid and index of caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth and its components. Thus, unfavorable living conditions in the Arctic zone provide additional risk factors for the occurrence of dental diseases. The results of the study, if confirmed in other populations, can be used to develop models for predicting the development and progression of caries in adolescents of the Far North. Further studies of the mineral composition of oral fluid are required to obtain more complete clinical and laboratory data, considering confounding factors such as nutrition and type of filling material.
“…В АЗРФ у подростков отмечается высокий уровень распространенности кариеса, а интенсивность имеет сильный разброс значений от 2,5 в г. Норильске до 8,4 в г. Салехарде [4,5]. Особенности течения кариеса связаны со множеством известных факторов риска, включая ограниченные возможности доступа к стоматологическим услугам [6], низкую осведомленность о гигиене полости рта [7], диету, богатую углеводами и промышленно переработанными продуктами питания [8], особенности состава питьевой воды [6,9]. В настоящий момент дополнительно в патогенезе кариеса зубов пристальное внимание уделяется иономике смешанной слюны (ротовой жидкости) [10], что может объясняться рядом причин.…”
The relationship between the intensity of caries and mineral composition of oral fluid in adolescents in the Arctic zone of Russia was investigated using the example of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. This study included 171 healthy boys and girls aged 15–17 years. The intensity of caries was assessed using the index caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth and its components. Unstimulated oral fluid was collected into sterile tubes. Sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and total and ionized calcium content and pH were examined in the oral fluid. Considering the pronounced right-sided asymmetry of the components of the index caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth, calculations were performed using Poisson regression models. Results were presented as relative risks with 95% confidence intervals and as tests for trend. The prevalence of caries in the sample population did not differ by sex and was 87.8% for boys and 93.3% for girls (p = 0.221). On average, 1.8 carious teeth per person were detected in boys and 1.4 in girls (p = 0.021). No differences were found in the number of filled (p = 0.167) and extracted (p = 0.981) teeth. Additionally, the total sodium content in oral fluid was directly proportional to the index of caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth (p = 0.040) and number of carious teeth (p 0.001). The total oral fluid calcium was significantly associated with both the caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth index (p = 0.019) and number of filled teeth (p = 0.001). Inverse relationships were found between the number of filled teeth and magnesium (p = 0.028) and phosphorus (p = 0.037) content. The study showed the presence of statistically significant relationships between the mineral composition of oral fluid and index of caries + fillings + extracted permanent teeth and its components. Thus, unfavorable living conditions in the Arctic zone provide additional risk factors for the occurrence of dental diseases. The results of the study, if confirmed in other populations, can be used to develop models for predicting the development and progression of caries in adolescents of the Far North. Further studies of the mineral composition of oral fluid are required to obtain more complete clinical and laboratory data, considering confounding factors such as nutrition and type of filling material.
Relevance. Oral health in children largely depends on parental involvement and the formation of adequate oral care skills. Parental awareness of oral disease prevention and adherence to the recommendation of pediatric dentists or dental hygienists are paramount for dental disease onset. Therefore, the assessment of parental knowledge about oral prevention is relevant.Aim. To evaluate the oral health education of parents of children under seven y.o. on oral disease prevention.Materials and methods. The study anonymously surveyed 250 parents of children under seven y.o., living in Barnaul. The survey in Google Forms included questions about parental awareness of dental diseases, the frequency of dental visits, parental knowledge of the child's home oral care and the child's diet. The study results were statistically processed using the MS Excel 2007 program.Results. The survey of Barnaul parents of children under seven demonstrated that 50% of the children were breastfed, and almost no one used dairy products as the main drink. Despite the knowledge about the importance of caries treatment in children, most parents (68%) visit a dentist when dental disease symptoms appear. The dentist is not always the principal source of information about dental diseases in children and their prevention. The parents selected oral hygiene products and items independently in most cases, without considering the child's individual dental status characteristics. Some parents believe that they may skip brushing their primary teeth brushing at all.Conclusion. The results evidence the need to increase parental knowledge about dental disease prevention in children.
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