Oral care in a neonatal intensive care unit

Rodriguez, Beatriz Fernandez; Gonzalez, Lorena Peña; Calvo, Maria Cruz; Sánchez, Fernando Chaves; Alonso, Carmen Rosa Pallás; Romero, Concepción de Alba

doi:10.1080/14767058.2016.1192599

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In the same context, these results were in agreement with [29] who documented that, the New Zealand Dental Association recommended the use of normal saline to perform the oral care in infants without dental eruption, as well as reported that, oral care decrease risk of acquiring VAP, also, [13] emphasized that, strategies documented to decrease risk of VAP in pediatrics include scheduled oral care. Furthermore, [6] emphasized to provide oral care every 2 hours using swabs soaked in saline for infants with no teeth.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Exploring Risk Factors with Ventilator Associated Pneumonia among Infants in Intensive Care Units

Dagher¹,

Attia

Mahmoud³

et al. 2018

The Medical Journal of Cairo University

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Background: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is defined as pneumonia occurring more than 48 hours after child is intubated and ventilated mechanically; VAP is the second most common hospital-acquired infection in pediatric Intensive Care Units, which linked to increased morbidity, mortality, lengths of stay in the hospital and intensive care unit with high costs. Aim of Study: The current study aimed to explore the risk factors of VAP among infants in Intensive Care Units.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Exploring Risk Factors with Ventilator Associated Pneumonia among Infants in Intensive Care Units

Dagher¹,

Attia

Mahmoud³

et al. 2018

The Medical Journal of Cairo University

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“…Oral hygiene has been linked to the incidence of infections in hospitalized patients 14 . In the present study, the oral hygiene of all patients was good at the time of saliva collection, which minimized the influence of poor dental care on the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Inflammatory markers in saliva for diagnosis of sepsis of hospitalizes patients

Galhardo

Ruivo

Oliveira

et al. 2020

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background: Inflammatory/immunological serum markers are useful for the early detection of organ dysfunction, helping the diagnosis of sepsis. Although the detection of blood biomarkers is a standard practice, the use of noninvasive samples (eg saliva) would be beneficial. Aim: To investigate the saliva of hospitalized patients with and without sepsis and identify the levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide (NO). Methods: Saliva samples were collected from 26 patients in intensive care unit with diagnosis of sepsis and from 26 without sepsis (control). The levels of CRP were determined by using latex agglutination test, whereas those of procalcitonin and IL-6 by ELISA and NO by the Griess reaction. Results: Of 26 patients with sepsis, 14 were males (54%) with a mean age of 63.81 ± 3.48 years. The control group had the same distribution for gender, with mean age 65.04 ± 4.07 years. Sepsis group showed higher salivary concentrations of CRP, PCT, IL-6 and NO, with only levels of IL-6 being statistically different (P = .0001). Conclusions: Patients with sepsis had significantly higher levels of IL-6 in their saliva, suggesting that this biological sample could be useful in the diagnosis of this condition. K E Y W O R D Sbiomarkers, intensive care unit, saliva, sepsis

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“…It was previously shown that oropharyngeal administration of colostrum increases salivary level of secretory IgA in preterm infants and has a significant impact on buccal microbiota toward the growth of Planococcaceae compared with Moraxellaceae and Staphylococcaceae in the control group . Furthermore, routine oral care resulted in a significant decline in the growth of gram‐negative flora in the mouths of preterm infants . This finding remains of little value in absence of concomitant decline in the incidence of nosocomial‐acquired late‐onset sepsis or culture‐proven Klebsiella species sepsis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Oropharyngeal Administration of Mother's Milk Prior to Gavage Feeding in Preterm Infants: A Pilot Randomized Control Trial

Abd-Elgawad

Eldegla

Khashaba

et al. 2019

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

105

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Background: Oropharyngeal administration of mother's colostrum in early days has an immunoprotective effect in preterm infants. Objectives: Our aim was to study the effect of oropharyngeal administration of mother's milk (OPAMM) on decreasing the incidence of nosocomial sepsis. Methods: In a pilot prospective randomized study on preterm (<32 weeks gestation and 1500 g weight) infants, we compared OPAMM practice (applying 0.2 mL of mother's colostrum or milk prior to gavage feeding until full oral feeding is reached) with regular gavage feeding. The primary outcome was incidence of culture-proven nosocomial sepsis. Secondary outcomes included bacterial colonization of the gastrointestinal tract, feeding intolerance, time to reach full feeding, incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, ventilator-associated pneumonia, duration of respiratory support, incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), length of hospital stay, and neonatal mortality. Results: The outcomes of 200 neonates (100 in each group) were analyzed. OPAMM practice did not significantly reduce the incidence of culture proven nosocomial sepsis (8% vs 13%, P = 0.35). Infants in the OPAMM group had a significantly lower growth of Klebsiella species in the oropharyngeal pouch, borderline lower incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, shorter duration of oxygen therapy, less episodes of feeding intolerance, reached full feeding earlier, and had a shorter length of hospital stay. OPAMM practice did not affect the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, BPD, or neonatal mortality. Conclusion: OPAMM prior to gavage feeding does not reduce the incidence of nosocomial sepsis but had beneficial effects on early achievement of feeding, and early hospital discharge in preterm very low-birth-weight infants. (JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2020;44:92-104) Clinical Relevancy StatementGavage feeding in preterm infants deprives the oropharyngeal pouch from the beneficial effect of mother's colostrum and milk. Previous reports have shown immunoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects for mother's colostrum when given early to the oropharyngeal pouch. We found that oropharyngeal administration of mother's milk prior to gavage feeding was associated with shorter duration to achieve full feeding, duration of oxygen support, and length of hospital stay in preterm infants.From the

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Oral care in a neonatal intensive care unit

Abstract: There is a significant increase of the Gram-negative flora in those patients without oral care.

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Exploring Risk Factors with Ventilator Associated Pneumonia among Infants in Intensive Care Units

Exploring Risk Factors with Ventilator Associated Pneumonia among Infants in Intensive Care Units

Inflammatory markers in saliva for diagnosis of sepsis of hospitalizes patients

Oropharyngeal Administration of Mother's Milk Prior to Gavage Feeding in Preterm Infants: A Pilot Randomized Control Trial

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