Oral carcinoma cuniculatum

Background Oral carcinoma cuniculatum (OCC) is a rare, locally aggressive tumor, which tends to invade underlying bone. We present two cases of OCC, one demonstrating invasion of the mandible and the other limited to the tongue. Methods An 87‐year‐old male presented with a right‐sided buccogingival lesion. Biopsy results led to a diagnosis of verrucous hyperplasia, which was later revised to OCC. Additionally, a 94‐year‐old female presented with a left lateral tongue lesion. A biopsy showed in‐situ and invasive keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma that was later defined as a soft tissue OCC. Results Following surgical resection, the diagnosis of OCC was established in both patients. We provide a comprehensive literature review of OCC in the context of both case presentations. Conclusions OCC is a rare entity, which has a tendency to be misdiagnosed. We emphasize the importance of recognizing the common features of OCC in order to aid in accurate diagnosis.

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Cuneiform (cuniculatum) variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma revisited: Presentation of two cases and literature review of a rare entity

Beute

Seo

Greenberg

et al. 2022

Head & Neck

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Carcinoma cuniculatum of the mandible: A case report of a less explored entity

James,

Gunasekaran,

Annasamy

et al. 2024

Oral Oncology Reports

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Oral carcinoma cuniculatum, the great mimicker: Report of a challenging case and literature review

et al. 2022

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Oral carcinoma cuniculatum (OCC) is a rare and locally invasive well‐differentiated variant of squamous cell carcinoma. To date, 74 cases affecting the oral cavity were reported in English‐language literature. We report a case of maxillary OCC in a 71‐year‐old woman and review the demographic, etiological, clinicopathological, therapeutic and prognostic features of the OCC cases published in the English literature. From the 75 cases evaluated, there was no predilection for sex, and the highest incidence was between the seventh and tenth decades of life. Use of alcohol (17.3%), tobacco (29.3%), both (6.7%), and betel chewing (5.3%) were related in some cases. The clinical presentation was variable, and the gingiva and mandibular alveolar ridge were the most affected sites (50.7%). Inconclusive result or misdiagnosis in the initial histopathological examination was reported in more than 40% of cases, which required deeper or more representative biopsies for the definitive diagnosis. Radical surgery was the treatment of choice for 88.0% of cases. Overall, 10.7% of cases had cervical lymph node metastasis and 17.3% had recurrence after initial treatment, with only one death (1.3% of the cases). In conclusion, the wide variety of clinical presentations, lack of cytological atypia in most cases and need for deep incisional biopsies make the diagnosis of OCC challenging. Radical surgery is the main therapeutic modality and local recurrence after initial treatment occurs in less than 20% of cases. Although locally aggressive, regional and distant metastases are rare and the prognosis is good.

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Oral carcinoma cuniculatum

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Cuneiform (cuniculatum) variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma revisited: Presentation of two cases and literature review of a rare entity

Cuneiform (cuniculatum) variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma revisited: Presentation of two cases and literature review of a rare entity

Carcinoma cuniculatum of the mandible: A case report of a less explored entity

Oral carcinoma cuniculatum, the great mimicker: Report of a challenging case and literature review

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