Oral Carbohydrate Solution Ameliorates Endotoxemia-Induced Splanchnic Ischemia

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral administration of a simple carbohydrate solution on splanchnic circulation and bacterial translocation in endotoxemia. Group 1 was sham control; group 2 was starved for 24 hours; in group 3, endotoxin was administrated at the end of starvation; in group 4, carbohydrate solution was administrated via orogastric route for 24 hours; and in group 5, carbohydrate solution was given and endotoxin was administrated at the end of 24 hours. Splanchnic blood flows were recorded and tissue samples were collected for microbiological analyses. There was a significant increase (P<.05) in the incidence of bacterial translocation in starvation. Endotoxemia decreased distal (P=.021) and midmesenteric (P=.046) flow in starved animals. Oral carbohydrate significantly increased ileal blood flow in starvation (P=.036) and endotoxemia (P=.008). In conclusion, oral carbohydrate solution prevents bacterial translocation during starvation and endotoxemia. The possible mechanism is the improvement in the mesenteric blood flow.

The Gastrointestinal Exertional Heat Stroke Paradigm: Pathophysiology, Assessment, Severity, Aetiology and Nutritional Countermeasures

“…In healthy resting humans, ingestion of a single CHO-rich meal (55-70% of total kilo-calories) evokes equivocal (endotoxin [199][200][201] or slightly improved (I-FABP; [148,149]) GI barrier integrity postprandially. However, rodent experimental models of acute GI distress indicate that oral ingestion of maltodextrin [202] or sucrose [203] favorably influence GI barrier integrity. Mechanisms of action at the whole-body level are likely multifactorial, including regulation of the GI microbiota [204] and an elevation of splanchnic perfusion [205].…”