Oral bioavailability of ATP after prolonged administration

Coolen, Erik J.C.M.; Arts, Ilja C. W.; Bekers, Otto; Vervaet, Chris; Bast, Aalt; Dagnelie, Pieter C.

doi:10.1017/s0007114510003570

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Wherein, muscle mass increased without changes in fat mass (Wilson et al 2013). Although it has also been reported that 12 weeks of direct ATP supplementation is safe (Wilson et al 2013), andCoolen et al (2011) observed no changes in blood markers following 4 weeks direct supplementation with 5 g/day of ATP, it may not be appropriate to compare direct and indirect ATP enhancement because of their dissimilar compositions and dosage levels and because their respective mechanisms of action are likely different.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men

Joy

Falcone

Vogel

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Adenosine-5=-triphosphate (ATP) is primarily known as a cellular source of energy. Increased ATP levels may have the potential to enhance body composition. A novel, proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts has been reported to increase ATP levels, potentially by enhancing mitochondrial ATP production. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to determine the supplement's effects on body composition when consumed during 12 weeks of resistance training. Twenty-five healthy, resistance-trained, male subjects (age, 27.7 ± 4.8 years; height, 176.0 ± 6.5 cm; body mass, 83.2 ± 12.1 kg) completed this study. Subjects supplemented once daily with either 1 serving (150 mg) of a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts (TRT) or placebo (PLA). Supervised resistance training consisted of 8 weeks of daily undulating periodized training followed by a 2-week overreach and a 2-week taper phase. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and ultrasound at weeks 0, 4, 8, 10, and 12. Vital signs and blood markers were assessed at weeks 0, 8, and 12. Significant group × time (p < 0.05) interactions were present for ultrasound-determined cross-sectional area, which increased in TRT (+0.91 cm 2 ) versus PLA (-0.08 cm 2 ), as well as muscle thickness (TRT: +0.46; PLA: +0.04 cm). A significant group × time (p < 0.05) interaction existed for creatinine (TRT: +0.06; PLA: +0.15 mg/dL), triglycerides (TRT: +24.1; PLA: -20.2 mg/dL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (TRT: +4.9; PLA: -3.9 mg/dL), which remained within clinical ranges. Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extracts may enhance resistance training-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy without affecting fat mass or blood chemistry in healthy males.Key words: ElevATP, strength training, weight lifting, muscle mass, fat mass, blood chemistry, safety, periodization, sports nutrition, sport. On observe une interaction groupe-temps significative (p < 0,05) de la surface de section transversale mesurée par ultrasonographie, laquelle augmente dans le groupe TRT (+0,91 cm 2 ) vs PLA (-0,08 cm 2 ); il en est de même de l'épaisseur du muscle (TRT : +0,46 cm; PLA: +0,04 cm). On observe aussi une interaction groupe-temps significative (p < 0,05) en ce qui concerne la créatinine (TRT : +0,06; PLA : +0,15 mg/dL), les triglycérides (TRT : +24,1; PLA : -20,2 mg/dL) et les VLDL (TRT : +4,9; PLA : -3,9 mg/dL) dont les valeurs demeurent dans la normale clinique. La supplémentation au moyen d'un mélange exclusif d'extraits de tourbe ancienne et de pomme peut améliorer l'hypertrophie du muscle squelettique causée par un entraînement contre résistance, et ce, sans modifier la masse adipeuse et la chimie sanguine d'hommes en bonne santé. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men

Joy

Falcone

Vogel

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…However, ATP molecules are highly unstable and the ingestion of exogenous ATP may not deliver expected beneficial health effects [5]. Recent studies based on the bioavailability of exogenous ATP did not validate such an approach [41]. Since clinical standards for a nutraceutical ATP product have not been met to date, nutritional agents that can maintain and increase production of endogenous ATP instead of supplying exogenous ATP may constitute a more practical approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effect of MCRC on Selected Blood Parameters - A Placebo-controlled Acute Clinical Study

Reyes-Izquierdo¹,

Nemzer²,

Zhou³

et al. 2012

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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Acute clinical testing was performed on healthy human subjects to verify whether a single 150mg dose of a proprietary formula marketed under the trade name "Mitochroma TM " (MCRC) can actually increase blood levels of ATP. Sera and blood were collected immediately prior to treatment and at times 30, 60, and 90 minutes after treatment to measure amounts of blood ATP, lactate, ROS, and pO 2 . Additionally, whole blood was collected at 270 minutes after treatment to measure expression of selected cytokines and chemokines. In comparison to the placebo group, samples collected from subjects treated with MCRC showed increased levels of total blood ATP by 12.5% on average and reduced levels of lactate up to 13%. Blood levels of ROS and pO 2 were found unchanged under these experimental conditions. Analyses of blood collected at 270 minutes showed reduced levels of MCP-1 by up to 21%, and increased levels of Interferonalpha up to 16%. In summary, collected data shows that treatment with a single dose of MCRC resulted in an acute increase in blood levels of total blood ATP. These results justify further clinical studies on MCRC in order to determine the effects on a more narrowly selected subject population with reduced blood levels of ATP and increased blood levels of MCP-1.

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“…Following the digestive process, ATP degrades rapidly into adenosine and inorganic phosphate, which then are absorbed in the small intestine, entering the portal circulation where they are incorporated into liver ATP pools [24]. Previous studies showed a lack of intact bioavailability for orally administrated ATP at rest [16,17]. However, we posit that ATP supplementation and its resultant metabolites work indirectly to increase the synthesis of ATP during highintensity exercise.…”

Section: Effects Of Oral Atp On Metabolite Concentration Levelsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Though intravenous administration of ATP is bioavailable [15], several studies have shown that oral ATP in the form of enteric-coated pellets is not systemically bioavailable under resting conditions [16,17]. Oral ATP administration in the form of enteric-coated pellets for 28 days in healthy subjects did not increase plasma ATP concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) Administration Increases Postexercise ATP Levels, Muscle Excitability, and Athletic Performance Following a Repeated Sprint Bout

Purpura¹,

Rathmacher

Sharp

et al. 2017

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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Objective: Oral adenosine-5 0 -triphosphate (ATP) administration has failed to increase plasma ATP levels; however, chronic supplementation with ATP has shown to increase power, strength, lean body mass, and blood flow in trained athletes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ATP supplementation on postexercise ATP levels and on muscle activation and excitability and power following a repeated sprint bout. Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized design, 42 healthy male individuals were given either 400 mg of ATP as disodium salt or placebo for 2 weeks prior to an exercise bout. During the exercise bout, muscle activation and excitability (ME, ratio of power output to muscle activation) and Wingate test peak power were measured during all sprints. ATP and metabolites were measured at baseline, after supplementation, and immediately following exercise. Results: Oral ATP supplementation prevented a drop in ATP, adenosine-5 0 -diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine-5 0 -monophosphate (AMP) levels postexercise (p < 0.05). No group by time interaction was observed for muscle activation. Following the supplementation period, muscle excitability significantly decreased in later bouts 8, 9, and 10 in the placebo group (¡30.5, ¡28.3, and ¡27.9%, respectively; p < 0.02), whereas ATP supplementation prevented the decline in later bouts. ATP significantly increased Wingate peak power in later bouts compared to baseline (bout 8: C18.3%, bout 10: C16.3%). Conclusions: Oral ATP administration prevents exercise-induced declines in ATP and its metabolite and enhances peak power and muscular excitability, which may be beneficial for sports requiring repeated high-intensity sprinting bouts.

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Oral bioavailability of ATP after prolonged administration

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men

Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men

Acute Effect of MCRC on Selected Blood Parameters - A Placebo-controlled Acute Clinical Study

Oral Adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) Administration Increases Postexercise ATP Levels, Muscle Excitability, and Athletic Performance Following a Repeated Sprint Bout

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