Oral bile acids reduce bacterial overgrowth, bacterial translocation, and endotoxemia in cirrhotic rats

Abstract

Experiments were performed to test whether conjugated bile acid administration would decrease bacterial overgrowth, bacterial translocation, and endotoxemia in ascitic cirrhotic rats. Cholylsarcosine, a deconjugation-dehydroxylation resistant and cholylglycine, a deconjugation-dehydroxylation susceptible bile acid were used. Rats with CCl 4 -induced cirrhosis and ascites were fed cholylsarcosine, cholylglycine (both at 70 mg/kg/d), or placebo for 2 weeks. Healthy rats, as controls, were treated similarly. In cirrhotic rats receiving placebo, bile secretion from an acute biliary fistula was lower than in healthy rats (27.2 ؎ 6.5 vs. 53.0 ؎ 3.1 L/kg/min; mean ؎ SE, P < .05). The administration of conjugated bile acids to cirrhotic rats normalized bile secretion (cholylsarcosine, 51.8 ؎ 6.29; cholylglycine, 52.72 ؎ 8.9 L/kg/min). Total ileal bacterial content was 6-fold higher in ascitic cirrhotic rats than in healthy rats. Conjugated bile acid administration reduced bacterial content to normal levels. Bacterial translocation was less in cirrhotic animals receiving conjugated bile acids (cholylsarcosine, 33%; cholylglycine, 26%) than in animals receiving placebo (66%). Endotoxemia was decreased in cirrhotic rats by conjugated bile acid feeding (cholylsarcosine, 0.098 ؎ 0.002; cholylglycine 0.101 ؎ 0.007 EU/mL) compared with placebo (0.282 ؎ 0.124, P < .001). Survival was greater in animals receiving conjugated bile acids (cholylsarcosine, 10/15; cholylglycine, 11/15; placebo, 5/15). In conclusion, the administration of conjugated bile acids to ascitic cirrhotic rats increased bile acid secretion, eliminated intestinal bacterial overgrowth, decreased bacterial translocation, decreased endotoxemia, and increased survival. Oral conjugated bile acids may be useful in preventing bacterial translocation, endotoxemia, and spontaneous bacterial perotonitis in cirrhotic patients. (HEPATOLOGY 2003;37:551-557.)

Food Additive P-80 Impacts Mouse Gut Microbiota Promoting Intestinal Inflammation, Obesity and Liver Dysfunction

“…The gut microbiota has been implicated in having both direct (i.e. through effect on nutrient uptake) and indirect effect on health [4,5]. In mice, food additives have been demonstrated to affect the host microbiota interaction, leading to low-grade inflammation, adiposity and adiposity associated metabolic effect [6].…”

Conjugated primary bile salts reduce permeability of endotoxin through intestinal epithelial cells and synergize with phosphatidylcholine in suppression of inflammatory cytokine production

“…Ingestion of bile salts or oral supplementation with bile reduced endotoxemia in such patients (7). Furthermore, feeding of both cirrhotic rats and rats with bile duct ligation with conjugated bile salts reduced both bacterial translocation and endotoxemia (8,9).…”

Efeito da ressecção do íleo terminal na fibrose hepática secundária à ligadura do ducto hepático comum em ratas

“…O trabalho de autores como Lorenzo-Zuniga et al 17 corrobora com a noção de que a ausência de ácidos biliares no intestino favorece o crescimento e a translocação bacteriana, bem como a endotoxemia. Esses autores verificaram que a adição de ácidos biliares por via oral em ratos, submetidos à ligadura do ducto hepático comum, reduz a translocação bacteriana, a proliferação ductal no fígado e a fibrose hepática.…”