Oral antidiabetic drugs: their properties and recommended use

Campbell, I. A.

doi:10.1002/psb.48

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Antidiabetic drugs bring about their interventions via different mechanisms aimed at reducing blood glucose levels. The biguanides such as metformin suppress the blood glucose level by stimulating muscle glucose uptake and utilization via the upregulation of GLUT‐4 and GLUT‐1 transporters in skeletal muscles and adipocytes, respectively (Campbell, 2007; Klip & Leiter, 1990; Tripathi & Srivastava, 2006). α‐glucosidase inhibitors are another class of antidiabetic drugs that bring about their antidiabetic effect by inhibiting the activities of the carbohydrate‐digestive enzyme, α‐glucosidase (Bischoff, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive compounds of African star apple (Chrysophyllum albidumG. Don) and its modulatory effect on metabolic activities linked to type 2 diabetes in isolated rat psoas muscle

et al. 2020

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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) arising from the inability of the pancreatic tissue to secrete insulin and/or inability of the body to utilize the insulin secreted as seen in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), respectively. The latter, T2D is the predominant of all diabetes types as it accounts for over 90% of all mortalities and

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive compounds of African star apple (Chrysophyllum albidumG. Don) and its modulatory effect on metabolic activities linked to type 2 diabetes in isolated rat psoas muscle

et al. 2020

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“…There are also medicinal plants that contain some toxic constituents such as the cytotoxic anti-cancer plant-derived drugs, digitalis; however, the side effects of the phytotherapeutic agents are less common compared with synthetic drugs [ 7 ]. Management of diabetes without any side effect is still a challenge and the available modern antidiabetic agents produce serious side effects such as hypoglycemia (Sulphonylureas), lactic acidosis and folate and B12 malabsorption (Metformin), gastrointestinal symptom (Acarbose), weight gain (Sulphonylureas and Thiazolidinediones), and edema (Thiazolidinediones) [ 8 ]. Hence, the search for safer and more effective hypoglycemic agents has continued.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic activity and phytochemical screening of extracts of the leaves of Ajuga remota Benth on alloxan-induced diabetic mice

Tafesse

Hymete

Mekonnen

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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Background Ajuga remota Benth is traditionally used in Ethiopia for the management of diabetes mellitus. Since this claim has not been investigated scientifically, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect and phytochemical screening of the aqueous and 70% ethanol extracts on alloxan-induced diabetic mice.MethodsAfter acute toxicity test, the Swiss albino mice were induced with alloxan to get experimental diabetes animals. The fasting mean blood glucose level before and after treatment for two weeks in normal, diabetic untreated and diabetic mice treated with aqueous and 70% ethanol extracts were performed. Data were statistically evaluated by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 20. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe medium lethal doses (LD50) of both extracts were higher than 5000 mg/kg, indicating the extracts are not toxic under the observable condition. Aqueous extracts of A.remota (300 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight) reduced elevated blood glucose levels by 27.83 ± 2.96% and 38.98 ± 0.67% (P < 0.0001), respectively while the 70% ethanol extract caused a reduction of 27.94 ± 1.92% (300 mg/kg) & 28.26 ± 1.82% (500 mg/kg). Treatment with the antidiabetic drug, Glibenclamide (10 mg/kg body weight) lowered blood glucose level by 51.06% (p < 0.05). Phytochemical screening of both extracts indicated the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids, which might contribute to the antidiabetic activity. The extracts, however, did not contain alkaloids and anthraquinones.ConclusionThe aqueous extract (500 mg/kg) showed the highest percentage reduction in blood glucose levels and the ability of A. remota extracts in reducing blood glucose levels presumably due to the presence of antioxidant constituents such as flavonoids. The effect of the extract supported the traditional claim of the plant.

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“…Thiazolidinediones enhance insulin action, increase glucose muscle uptake, and cause suppression of gluconeogenesis. They reduce the concentration of circulating free fatty acids, triglycerides, and cause a rise in the levels of HDL and LDL cholesterol [72]. Thiazolidinediones decrease insulin resistance by repression of hepatic glucose output and increasing insulindependent glucose metabolism, thus, used in the treatment of T2DM associated with insulin resistance [73].…”

Section: Thiazolidinedionesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review on Medicaments Used in Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Jamwal¹

2020

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Diabetes has a global prevalence in developed countries and rapidly flexing its roots in middle-and low-income countries. According to the World Health Organization, it is a major cause of kidney collapse, heart problems, and lower limb amputation. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder showing an uncontrolled increase in blood glucose levels. To date, no permanent cure has been developed for the complete restoration of impaired glucose haemostasis. With the use of therapeutic agents and nontherapeutic agents, glucose levels can be kept in control for a very long time. The foremost goal of all current ongoing treatments is to control high blood glucose levels, reduction in elevated lipid levels, and delay in the progression of diabetes-related complications. Various therapeutics agents are developed in recent decades, which shown very promising results in the management of diabetes mellitus. These agents prescribed after reviewing the clinical symptoms and situation of an individual patient. This review compiles noteworthy information related to clinically approved medicaments for diabetes mellitus. Review emphasis on categorization, mechanism of action, noted adverse effects along with the physiological responses of used medicines to treat diabetes mellitus.

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Oral antidiabetic drugs: their properties and recommended use

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Bioactive compounds of African star apple (Chrysophyllum albidumG. Don) and its modulatory effect on metabolic activities linked to type 2 diabetes in isolated rat psoas muscle

Bioactive compounds of African star apple (Chrysophyllum albidumG. Don) and its modulatory effect on metabolic activities linked to type 2 diabetes in isolated rat psoas muscle

Antidiabetic activity and phytochemical screening of extracts of the leaves of Ajuga remota Benth on alloxan-induced diabetic mice

Systematic Review on Medicaments Used in Management of Diabetes Mellitus

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