Oral and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in neonatal foals

Evaluation of treatment of colostrum-deprived kittens with equine IgG

“…However, correction of serum IgG to concentrations found in nursing neonates may not be necessary for protection; partial correction of FPT in calves and foals was considered clinically beneficial because of the significantly lower risk of death, compared with neonates with uncorrected FPT. 24,26,[57][58][59]62 Many of the bacteria that cause neonatal septicemia are not species specific; antibodies derived from 1 species may protect other species from infection. Results of several studies [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] have indicated that neonates may be protected from multiple pathogen challenges by administration of foreign IgG.…”

“…However, the use of adult cat serum as a source of supplemental immunoglobulins requires collection of large volumes of blood from multiple donors that have been screened for infectious diseases and tested for compatibility of blood types. A more ideal supplement would be a commercial source of concentrated IgG, such as those used for large animal neonates, [24][25][26] that is available in large quantities, is relatively inexpensive, has a long shelf life, and is effective when administered in small volumes.…”

Passive Immunisierung bei Pferden

“…In contrast, they are useful in cases of partial FTP, as observed in the bovine species (Garry et al, 1996). Moreover, some products available in the USA are very variable in quality (Franz et al, 1998). Freeze-dried colostrum itself is a good colostrum replacer (Touboul et al, 1997).…”

“…The use of oral plasma is less efficient as a large quantity is needed due to the lower IgG concentrations of plasma compared to colostrum and to the fact that serum IgG are poorly absorbed (Touboul et al, 1997). Administration of oral hyperimmune serum may be possible but results need to be confirmed (Franz et al, 1998;Vivrette et al, 1998).…”

“…After 24 hours, parenteral solutions of locally-collected serum or commercially available hyperimmune serum available must be used to treat FTP (Franz et al, 1998). Some of these plasma are produced in horses with specific vaccination programs for E. coli that provide added protection against endotoxemia, but they do not provide antibodies against local pathogens.…”