Oral and dental diseases in a population of domestic ferrets (<i>Mustela putorius furo</i>)

Nemec, Ana; Zadravec, Marko; Račnik, Jožko

doi:10.1111/jsap.12546

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Periodontal disease is one of the most common oral diseases of mammals, 4,11,13 and the same was noted in suricates described in this report. If left untreated, gingivitis may with aging progress to periodontitis, possibly resulting in generalized severe bone loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Attrition/abrasion may result in a significant loss of hard dental tissues (enamel and dentin) with exposure of dentinal tubules and potentially also dental pulp exposure or weakening of the tooth and predisposing it to fracture, leading to endodontic disease. 15 Dental fractures are commonly found in small carnivorous mammals, such as domestic ferrets, 4 and dental trauma (in particular dental fractures involving the dental pulp and causing endodontic disease) is of great importance to the animal’s well-being. Dental pulp exposure leads to infection and inflammation, with subsequent necrosis of the dental pulp and spread of the infection into the periapical tissues which may present with typical radiographic signs of endodontic disease 15 –17 as also described in this report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extraoral examination and evaluation of occlusion was followed by a detailed oral and dental examination (examination of oral soft tissues and full-mouth periodontal probing and dental charting using 3.5× magnification loupes) performed in accordance with American Veterinary Dental College (http://www.avdc.org) standards for dogs and cats and as previously reported for ferrets. 4,5 All findings were recorded in the modified canine dental chart. Full-mouth intraoral dental radiographs (8 views: 1 occlusal view of maxillary incisor and canine teeth—bisecting angle technique, 2 lateral views of the maxillary canine, premolar, and molar teeth—bisecting angle technique, 1 occlusal view of the mandibular incisor and canine teeth—bisecting angle technique, 2 lateral views of the mandibular canine and second and third premolar teeth—bisecting angle technique, and 2 caudal mandibular views—parallel technique) were then performed and the findings combined with those from periodontal probing and dental charting on a tooth-by-tooth basis to obtain a diagnosis for each tooth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Periodontitis was diagnosed when probing depths were measured >0.5 mm and/ or there was furcation involvement/exposure in multirooted teeth and/or gingival recession and/or mobility and/or radiographic signs of alveolar bone loss were diagnosed. 4,5,7 Stage 2 PD/early periodontitis 7 (Figures 1 and 2) was diagnosed in 9.2% teeth, stage 3 PD/moderate periodontitis 7 in 5.1% teeth, and stage 4 PD/advanced periodontitis 7 in 2.0% teeth ( Figures 8 and 12). Mandibular teeth were much more commonly affected by periodontitis (81.3% of the teeth affected with stage 2 to 4 PD) compared to maxillary teeth.…”

Section: Periodontal Disease and Oral Soft Tissue Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral and Dental Examination Findings in a Family of Zoo Suricates (Suricata Suricatta)

Kvapil¹,

Nemec

Zadravec

et al. 2018

J Vet Dent

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Although similar oral and dental diseases as seen in dogs, cats, ferrets, and other carnivores are expected in suricates, published data on their oral and dental diseases are rare. The objective of this report is therefore to describe oral and dental examination findings in a family of zoo suricates. In this cross-sectional clinical study, detailed oral and dental examination and full-mouth dental radiographs were performed in 6 suricates undergoing general anesthesia for their regular annual wellness check. Attrition/abrasion was commonly observed less so were dental fractures, but both conditions were found to be associated with endodontic disease. Periodontal disease of different stages was also commonly observed. As expected, dental radiography was essential to determine dental anatomy, to accurately diagnose oral and dental diseases, and to plan treatment. This report illustrates that several painful oral and dental diseases can affect suricates in captivity. Therefore, thorough oral and dental examination supported by dental radiography under general anesthesia is warranted also in these animals as a part of their annual wellness checks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Periodontal Disease and Oral Soft Tissue Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral and Dental Examination Findings in a Family of Zoo Suricates (Suricata Suricatta)

Kvapil¹,

Nemec

Zadravec

et al. 2018

J Vet Dent

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“…The popularity of domestic ferrets ( Mustela putorius furo ), a carnivore mammal of the Mustelidae family, has increased tremendously in thev recent years ( 1 ). Literature suggests oral examination should be performed as part of a routine veterinary care at least annually ( 2 , 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow Up on Simple (Closed) Extraction of Fractured Maxillary Canine Teeth in Domestic Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo)

et al. 2021

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Fractured canine teeth (especially maxillary canine teeth) are common in domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). We evaluated (detailed oral/dental and radiographic examination under general anesthesia) 18 domestic ferrets affected by 23 complicated crown fractures of periodontally healthy permanent maxillary canine teeth over a 2-year period. Average age of the ferrets at the time of diagnosis was 2.6 years. Only three teeth were discolored on clinical examination. Out of 23 teeth, 22 were radiographically evaluated. No radiographic evidence of endodontic disease was observed in 11/22 canine teeth. Inflammatory root resorption was observed in 5/22, periapical lucency in 5/22 teeth, apical widening of periodontal ligament space in 6/22 teeth, and failure of the pulp cavity to narrow in 3/22 teeth. All animals were treated by simple (closed) extraction of the affected teeth. Histological examination of eight teeth was performed. Pulp appeared histologically vital in five (3/5 showed no radiographic evidence of endodontic disease), pulpitis was diagnosed in two (both without radiographic evidence of endodontic disease) and pulp necrosis in one case (dental radiographs revealed apical widening of periodontal ligament space and failure of the pulp cavity to narrow). All extraction sites healed uneventfully by the 2-week recheck examination. Long-term follow-up revealed development of post-extraction upper lip entrapment with mandibular canine tooth in eight out of 18 ferrets, which appeared clinically irrelevant. According to clients seven out of 18 ferrets showed an improved quality of life. Simple tooth extractions are warranted in ferrets affected by complicated crown fracture of the periodontally healthy permanent maxillary canine teeth.

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Dealing with gastrointestinal disease in ferrets

Livingstone¹

2022

In Practice

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Background: Ferrets have been domesticated for approximately 3000 years, yet many veterinary professionals feel unequipped to treat them. Since the 1980s, the worldwide increase in the popularity of ferrets as pets means that these curious creatures are being presented to general practice more frequently. As seen with cats and dogs, most ferret owners identify their pets as members of their family and, as such, they expect a high level of care from vets. Aim of the article: This article encourages clinicians to realise that they can apply the same clinical skills to ferrets that they use on a daily basis to diagnose and treat causes of gastrointestinal disease in dogs and cats. Several species‐specific conditions will be covered, including conditions of the oral cavity, stomach and intestine.

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Oral and dental diseases in a population of domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo)

Abstract: This study indicates that thorough oral and dental examination supported by dental radiography under general anaesthesia should be performed in domestic ferrets as a part of regular veterinary care.

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Oral and Dental Examination Findings in a Family of Zoo Suricates (Suricata Suricatta)

Oral and Dental Examination Findings in a Family of Zoo Suricates (Suricata Suricatta)

Follow Up on Simple (Closed) Extraction of Fractured Maxillary Canine Teeth in Domestic Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo)

Dealing with gastrointestinal disease in ferrets

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