Oral administration of <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> on rumen fermentation and the bacterial community in calves

Zhang, Rong; Dong, Xiaofang; Zhou, Meng; Yan, Tiebin; Zhang, Naifeng; Deng, Kun; Diao, Qiyu

doi:10.1111/asj.12691

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Importantly, it should be noted that FSBM was prepared by incubation of SBM with Bacillus subtilis, which has been shown to have probiotic effects. Hence, Bacillus subtilis may enter the rumen and alter the microbial composition, fermentation and digestive processes of the rumen 33,34 . For example, Zhang et al 33 found that the probiotic bacteria (a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis) influenced the rumen bacterial community and reduced the numbers of cellulolytic bacteria such as Ruminococcus albus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, Bacillus subtilis may enter the rumen and alter the microbial composition, fermentation and digestive processes of the rumen 33,34 . For example, Zhang et al 33 found that the probiotic bacteria (a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis) influenced the rumen bacterial community and reduced the numbers of cellulolytic bacteria such as Ruminococcus albus. Therefore, further research with killed colonies (i.e., sterilized FSBM) is required to distinguish the role of peptide size and Bacillus subtilis (as a probiotic bacterium) in rumen physiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fermented soybean meal affects the ruminal fermentation and the abundance of selected bacterial species in Holstein calves: a multilevel analysis

Feizi

Zad

Jalali

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The effect of soybean meal (SBM) replacement with fermented SBM (FSBM) on ruminal fermentation and bacterial abundance in Holstein calves was investigated in this study. Thirty nine calves were randomized to: (1) control: 27% SBM + 0% FSBM (FSBM0, n = 13); (2) 18% SBM + 9% FSBM (FSBM9, n = 13); and (3) 13.5% SBM + 13.5% FSBM (FSBM13, n = 13). SBM contained a greater amount of large peptides containing 3 to 10 amino acids (AAs), while FSBM had a greater amount of ammonia nitrogen (NH 3-N), free AAs, and small peptides containing 2 to 3 AAs. The calves fed FSBM13 had the lowest acetic acid, NH 3-N, and the ratio of acetate to propionate, with the greatest concentration of caproic acid, valeric acid and isovaleric acid in ruminal fluid. Compared to those fed FSBM9 or FSBM13, the calves fed FSBM0 had the greatest proportion of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Ruminococcus albus in rumen fluid. However, the ruminal abundance of Prevotella ruminicola in calves fed FSBM13 was greater than in calves fed FSBM0. Network analysis showed that the abundance of the Ruminococcus albus was associated with large peptides, and butyric acid was correlated with small peptide. Taken together, our findings suggest that FSBM may have the potential to boost calf performance by changing the fermentation products and the relative abundance of some members of the bacterial community in the rumen. The calf starts its life with a physically and metabolically undeveloped rumen. Calves generally experience significant changes not only in the development of their rumen, but also in the rumen bacterial composition and community 1. This, in turn, enables calves to digest dry feeds for their growth needs, impacting productivity and future milk production capacity 1,2. Fibrolytic bacteria are important for the rapid anatomical and physiological growth of rumen, as the newborn calf moves from a liquid diet (i.e., milk) to a solid diet, such as grass and hay 3. Rumen microbes are classified into various functional groups, for example cellulolytic, amylolytic and proteolytic bacteria species 4. These organisms metabolize feed components and other microbial products 5. The rumen microbial community and the functional development of the stomach are affected by diets 4. For example, when forages are fed to ruminants, Bacteroidales and Ruminococcaceae become dominant 4. On the other hand, it is known that animals fed high-concentrate diets have more Prevotella and Succinivibrionaceae in their rumen fluid 4,6-8. Therefore, diets fed to animals can alter the relative abundance of bacteria and the profile of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in the rumen 1,4. This, in turn, affects the evolution of the early ruminal development and microbiota 9 .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented soybean meal affects the ruminal fermentation and the abundance of selected bacterial species in Holstein calves: a multilevel analysis

Feizi

Zad

Jalali

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The VFA concentration and molar proportion of each VFA at 12 and 24 h of fermentation were measured according to Zhang et al (2016). Briefly, 1 ml of the rumen fluid filtrate was mixed with 25% metaphosphoric acid solution, which contained 2% 2‐ethyl butyrate, and then frozen at –20°C overnight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resveratrol affects in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production and prokaryotic community composition in a time‐ and diet‐specific manner

Yan

et al. 2020

Microbial Biotechnology

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of resveratrol on methane production, rumen fermentation and microbial composition under high-concentrate (HC) and high-forage (HF) diets using the in vitro fermentation system. A total of 25 mg of resveratrol was supplemented into 300 mg of either HC or HF diet. Methane production, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, molar proportion of VFA, metabolites of resveratrol and prokaryotic community composition were measured after 12 and 24 h of in vitro fermentation. Resveratrol reduced methane production (ml per mg of dry matter degraded) by 41% and 60% under both HC and HF diets (P < 0.001), respectively, and this result could be associated with the lower abundance of Methanobrevibacter (P < 0.001) in response to resveratrol. The molar proportion of propionate was significantly higher in the resveratrol group only under the HC diet (P = 0.045). The relative abundance of 10 bacterial genera was affected by the three-way interaction of treatment, diet and time (P < 0.05). Resveratrol was partly converted to dihydroresveratrol after 24 h of fermentation, and its degradation could be associated with microbes belonging to the order Coriobacteriales. Our results suggest that multiple factors (e.g. diet and time) should be considered in animal experiments to test the effect of polyphenol or other plant extracts on rumen fermentation, methane emission and microbial composition.

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“…The developing rumen of the dairy calf provides a potential opportune period to direct microbial establishment (Yáñez-Ruiz et al, 2015). Early dietary interventions, probiotics, and adult rumen contents have been used in an attempt to modify the rumen and fecal microbial communities of young ruminants (Schönhusen et al, 2003; Ishaq et al, 2015; Fouladgar et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2017). Rumen contents inoculated into calves have included the use of mixed ruminal microbiota from either whole rumen fluid or a ruminal bolus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Inoculum Composition and Pre-weaned Dairy Calf Age Alter the Developing Rumen Microbial Environment

2019

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The objective of this experiment was to determine if dosing pre-weaned calves with enriched ruminal microbiota alters the rumen microbial environment and growth performance. Twenty Holstein bull calves were removed from their dam at birth, fed 3.8 L colostrum within 4 h after birth, and housed individually. Calves were fed pasteurized milk 3×/d from 0 to 7 weeks of age and offered a texturized calf starter ad libitum at 6 days of age. A randomized complete block design with repeated measures and a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to evaluate responses. Treatments were administered by stomach intubation once per week from 3 to 6 weeks of age and included: 50 mL autoclaved rumen fluid (RF), 50 mL bacterial-enriched RF (BE), 50 mL protozoal-enriched RF (PE); or 50 mL of each BE and PE inoculum. A rumen content composite was collected from 4 rumen fistulated, lactating cows and used to create the inocula. BE inocula were microscopically confirmed to be free of ciliate protozoa before inoculation, while PE contained 2.9 ± 2.2 × 10 5 protozoa/mL. RF was collected from the calves once per week before 50 mL of the inoculum was administered. Animal performance (e.g., weight gain and dry matter intake) was not altered by inocula type. All calves were microscopically free of rumen ciliates before inoculum administration and calves that did not receive PE remained ciliate-free. Ciliate protozoa were observed in RF from 6, 8, and 6 PE treated calves ( n = 10) at weeks 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Ruminal NH 3 was lower in PE treated calves (3.3 vs. 6.8 ± 1.0 mM), while ruminal butyrate molar percent was greater in BE treated calves (10.8 vs. 8.3 ± 0.8). Rumen bacterial diversity measures did not differ by treatment at 3–6 weeks. Individual calf bacterial communities from treated calves became temporarily similar to the inocula at 4 weeks of age, but these communities diverged from the inocula at 5 weeks. This study provides new information about two types of rumen-derived inocula and insight into the challenges of directing the rumen microbial environment in the pre-weaned calf.

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Oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis on rumen fermentation and the bacterial community in calves

Cited by 28 publications

References 27 publications

Fermented soybean meal affects the ruminal fermentation and the abundance of selected bacterial species in Holstein calves: a multilevel analysis

Fermented soybean meal affects the ruminal fermentation and the abundance of selected bacterial species in Holstein calves: a multilevel analysis

Resveratrol affects in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production and prokaryotic community composition in a time‐ and diet‐specific manner

Microbial Inoculum Composition and Pre-weaned Dairy Calf Age Alter the Developing Rumen Microbial Environment

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