Oral administration of Blautia wexlerae ameliorates obesity and type 2 diabetes via metabolic remodeling of the gut microbiota

Abstract

The gut microbiome is an important determinant in various diseases. Here we perform a cross-sectional study of Japanese adults and identify the Blautia genus, especially B. wexlerae, as a commensal bacterium that is inversely correlated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oral administration of B. wexlerae to mice induce metabolic changes and anti-inflammatory effects that decrease both high-fat diet–induced obesity and diabetes. The beneficial effects of B. wexlerae are correlated with unique amino-acid metabolism to produce S-adenosylmethionine, acetylcholine, and l-ornithine and carbohydrate metabolism resulting in the accumulation of amylopectin and production of succinate, lactate, and acetate, with simultaneous modification of the gut bacterial composition. These findings reveal unique regulatory pathways of host and microbial metabolism that may provide novel strategies in preventive and therapeutic approaches for metabolic disorders.

Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici co-fermented feed on growth performance and gut microbiota of nursery pigs

“…Compared with the NC diet, LPF treatment significantly enriched SCFA-producing bacteria such as Megasphaera, Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Selenomonas, Dialister, Acidaminococcus, Ruminococcus, and Bifidobacterium (31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41). Some of those bacteria also have other beneficial functions, for example, Megasphaera could enhance large intestine functions and effectively prevent hyper-lactate accumulation-related diarrhea (42), Roseburia has benefits from immune modulation to inflammatory regulation (43), Blautia and Faecalibacterium had anti-inflammatory functions to help support gut health (44)(45)(46). In addition, this study indicated that the LPF diet selectively decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, an acetate producer (47).…”

Baihu renshen decoction ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats through affecting gut microbiota enhancing gut permeability and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response

“…Many species under the genus Lactobacillus have significant effects on glucose metabolism, and several studies have shown that treatment with Lactobacillus significantly controls elevated blood glucose and is able to regulate glucose tolerance, hepatic glycogen, and lipid metabolism (Yun et al, 2009;Dang et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2021). Blautia is widely believed to be associated with obesity and inflammation, and it has been demonstrated that Blautia reduces obesity and diabetes caused by high-fat diet and relies on its own metabolites, such as acetic acid and SCFA, to alter the intestinal environment and block colonization by specific bacteria (Hosomi et al, 2022). Both Allobaculum and Candidatus Saccharimonas are known producers of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and their elevated abundance affects intestinal pH.…”

Identification of Human Gut Microbiome Associated with Enterolignan Production

“…This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethnic Committee of NIBIOHN (approved number: 154−10, 177−09, 272−01) and by the Ethics Committee of the Nippn Corporation (approved number: 20−01) and adhered to all guidelines. Fecal samples were collected, mixed with 3 mL of guanidine thiocyanate solution (Techno Suruga Laboratory, Shizuoka, Japan), and stored at 4 °C [31,32]. Blood was collected, and prepared serum samples were stored at −80 °C until use.…”

“…DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were performed as previously described [31,32]. Fecal samples mixed with guanidine thiocyanate solution were disrupted by the bead beating method using 0.1 mm glass beads.…”