Oral absorption and secretion of drugs.

Speirs, C. F.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00678.x

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Similar findings have been reported by others (Kostlin & Rauch, 1957;Mason & Chisholm, 1975 & Speirs, 1976;Speirs, 1977). The various secretions show some differences in composition, and differences between gingival fluid and the glandular secretions are particularly marked (Mason & Chisholm, 1975).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Monitoring salivary misonidazole in man: a possible alternative to plasma monitoring

Workman¹,

Wiltshire²,

Plowman³

et al. 1978

Br J Cancer

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Estimation of salivary drug concentrations has recently proved useful for a variety of drugs (see reviews by Speirs, 1977;Horning et al, 1977) including methotrexate (Steele et al, 1978). We have therefore investigated the feasibility of monitoring the salivary concentration of MIS in 10 patients with neoplastic disease under treatment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring salivary misonidazole in man: a possible alternative to plasma monitoring

Workman¹,

Wiltshire²,

Plowman³

et al. 1978

Br J Cancer

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“…Though we have studied gingival fluid in greatest detail, only small volumes are readily obtained from dentate subjects and none is available from the edentulous. In addition the volume may be affected by poor oral hygiene or administration of drugs such as phenytoin (Speirs, 1977;Anavekar et al, 1978). Parotid saliva however can be obtained without difficulty in reasonably large volumes and contrary to our earlier thoughts, it is probably the best mixed salivary component for inferring the plasma levels of drugs, and in particular the unbound fraction (Anavekar et al, 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors determining the passage of drugs from blood into saliva.

Stephen¹,

McCrossan²,

Mackenzie³

et al. 1980

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1. Following single oral dosing of ampicillin, cephalexin, tetracycline, erythromycin estolate, clindamycin and rifampicin to six normal volunteers, antibacterial activity was measured at 1, 3 and 6 h in serum, gingival fluid and minor gland saliva from all subjects and in parotid and submandiabular saliva from three. 2. pH values of all gingival fluid and saliva specimens were noted. 3. Partition coefficients between n‐octanol and water were measured for erythromycin, clindamycin and rifampicin. Published data were used for ampicillin, cephalexin and tetracycline. 4. All antibiotics, but particularly rifampicin, were detected in gingival fluid. Only rifampicin and to a lesser degree, clindamycin were present in the other salivary constituents. 5. In studies of secretion of drugs in saliva, both the physico‐chemical characteristics of the drugs and the physiological differences between individual salivary components should be considered. 6. Parotid saliva samples are likely to be of greatest value.

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“…For several drugs, there is good evidence that measurement of their concentrations in saliva can be a convenient alternative to determination of those in plasma, and is useful both in monitoring therapeutic drug levels and in pharmacokinetic studies (Danhof & Breimer, 1978;Homing etal., 1977;Speirs, 1977). The present study compares and correlates the plasma and saliva concentrations of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), isosorbide 5-mononitrate (5-ISMN) and isosorbide 2-mononitrate (2-ISMN) obtained after administration of single oral doses of 40 mg of sustained-release ISDN to human subjects.…”

Section: Introduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a drug that enters the secretory cells of the salivary gland by passive diffusion, saliva could be regarded as an ultrafiltrate of plasma, and it has been shown for a number of drugs that the concentration in saliva reflects the fraction of drug that is unbound to plasma proteins (Danhof & Breimer, 1978;Horning et al, 1977;Laufen et al, 1983;Speirs, 1977). Such appears to be the case for 5-ISMN, since this compound is fairly hydrophilic and essentially is not bound to plasma proteins (Chasseaud, 1983); concentrations of 5-ISMN found in the plasma and saliva were similar (Figure 1).…”

Section: Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva concentrations of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide 2‐mononitrate and isosorbide 5‐mononitrate.

Iw¹,

Major²,

Chasseaud³

et al. 1984

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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Correlations between saliva and plasma concentrations of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), and its active metabolites, isosorbide 2‐mononitrate (2‐ISMN) and isosorbide 5‐mononitrate (5‐ISMN) were examined. In the case of 5‐ISMN (r = 0.98, P less than 0.01), saliva concentrations are probably reliable indices of the plasma concentrations of this drug and their measurement should provide a useful non‐invasive procedure to assess compliance during the clinical use of products containing either ISDN or 5‐ISMN: it may also be helpful in assessing the clinical pharmacokinetics of 5‐ISMN. Less satisfactory correlations were obtained for ISDN (r = 0.84) and 2‐ISMN (r = 0.83).

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Oral absorption and secretion of drugs.

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Monitoring salivary misonidazole in man: a possible alternative to plasma monitoring

Monitoring salivary misonidazole in man: a possible alternative to plasma monitoring

Factors determining the passage of drugs from blood into saliva.

Saliva concentrations of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide 2‐mononitrate and isosorbide 5‐mononitrate.

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