Optomechanical Quantum Control of a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond

Oo, Thein; Golter, Andrew; Amezcua, Mayra; Lekavicius, Ignas; Wang, Hailin

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.116.143602

Cited by 254 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…[16][17][18][19][20][21] However, it was incompletely specified, and as a consequence, remains largely uncharacterized (see supplementary information for discussion).…”

Section: Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical Sensing Using Spins in Diamond

et al. 2017

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KEYWORDSNitrogen-vacancy center, diamond, spin-mechanical interaction, nanomechancial sensing, NEMS 2 ABSTRACT Nanomechanical sensors and quantum nanosensors are two rapidly developing technologies that have diverse interdisciplinary applications in biological and chemical analysis and microscopy.For example, nanomechanical sensors based upon nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) have demonstrated chip-scale mass spectrometry capable of detecting single macromolecules, such as proteins. Quantum nanosensors based upon electron spins of negatively-charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have demonstrated diverse modes of nanometrology, including single molecule magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Here, we report the first step towards combining these two complementary technologies in the form of diamond nanomechanical structures containing NV centers. We establish the principles for nanomechanical sensing using such nano-spinmechanical sensors (NSMS) and assess their potential for mass spectrometry and force microscopy. We predict that NSMS are able to provide unprecedented AC force images of cellular biomechanics and to, not only detect the mass of a single macromolecule, but also image its distribution. When combined with the other nanometrology modes of the NV center, NSMS potentially offer unparalleled analytical power at the nanoscale. TEXTNanomechanical sensors based upon nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are a burgeoning nanotechnology with diverse microscopy and analytical applications in biology and chemistry. Two applications with particular promise are force microscopy in geometries that transcend the constraints of conventional atomic force microscopy (AFM) 1-3 and on-chip mass spectrometry with single molecule sensitivity. [4][5][6] Another burgeoning nanotechnology is quantum nanosensors based upon the electron spin of the NV center in diamond. The NV center has been 3 used to locate single elementary charges, 7 to perform thermometry within living cells 8 and to realize nanoscale MRI in ambient conditions. 9-11 However, there is yet to be a nanosensing application of the NV center that exploits its susceptibility to local mechanical stress/ strain.Here, we propose that the mechanical susceptibility of the NV center's electron spin can be exploited together with the extreme mechanical properties of diamond nanomechanical structures to realize nano-spin-mechanical sensors (NSMS) that outperform the best available technology. Such NSMS will be capable of both high-sensitivity nanomechanical sensing and the quantum nanosensing of electric fields, magnetic fields and temperature. NSMS will thereby constitute the unification of two burgeoning nanotechnologies and have the potential to perform such unparalleled analytical feats as mass-spectrometry and MRI of single molecules. As the first step towards realizing NSMS, we report the complete characterization of the spin-mechanical interaction of the NV center. We use this to establish the design and operating principles of diamond NSMS and to perfor...

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“…[16][17][18][19][20][21] However, it was incompletely specified, and as a consequence, remains largely uncharacterized (see supplementary information for discussion).…”

Section: Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical Sensing Using Spins in Diamond

et al. 2017

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“…The proposed interaction strength is much larger than effects obtainable in single-mode systems, which require the ultrastrong coupling regime (g ≈ ω c ) to have comparable rates [10][11][12]19]. Differently from strain-based methods [5][6][7][8], the proposed mechanism is not limited to a specific choice of emitters and material systems, and it could even be applied to atoms trapped near a mechanical resonator [31][32][33]. Moreover, it provides strong quantum nonlinearities without requiring the single-photon strong optomechanical coupling regime (g 0 ≫ κ).…”

Section: H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T E R Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, a phonon can directly couple to a solidstate QE through mechanical strain [5][6][7][8]. Large coupling rates can be obtained in specific systems, but this effect is difficult to engineer and to dynamically control.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent Atom-Phonon Interaction through Mode Field Coupling in Hybrid Optomechanical Systems

2017

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We propose a novel type of optomechanical coupling which enables a tripartite interaction between a quantum emitter, an optical mode and a macroscopic mechanical oscillator. The interaction uses a mechanism we term mode field coupling: mechanical displacement modifies the spatial distribution of the optical mode field, which in turn modulates the atom-photon coupling rate. In properly designed multimode optomechanical systems, we can achieve situations in which mode field coupling is the only possible interaction pathway for the system. This enables, for example, swapping of a single excitation between emitter and phonon, creation of nonclassical states of motion and mechanical ground-state cooling in the bad-cavity regime. Importantly, the emitter-phonon coupling rate can be enhanced through an optical drive field, allowing active control of strong atom-phonon coupling for realistic experimental parameters.

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“…Thus, such phononic reservoir engineering ideas could provide a valuable alternative for mechanical systems, where an efficient integration with optical or microwave photons is not available. In view of the recent progress in the fabrication of high-quality diamond structures and mechanical beams [40][41][42], and demonstrations of straininduced control of defects [43][44][45][46][47], the proposed scheme could realistically be implemented in such systems.…”

Section: Fig 1 (A) Sketch Of a Single Sivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling phonons with phonons: Acoustic reservoir engineering with silicon-vacancy centers in diamond

et al. 2016

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We study a setup where a single negatively-charged silicon-vacancy center in diamond is magnetically coupled to a low-frequency mechanical bending mode and via strain to the high-frequency phonon continuum of a semi-clamped diamond beam. We show that under appropriate microwave driving conditions, this setup can be used to induce a laser cooling like effect for the low-frequency mechanical vibrations, where the high-frequency longitudinal compression modes of the beam serve as an intrinsic low-temperature reservoir. We evaluate the experimental conditions under which cooling close to the quantum ground state can be achieved and describe an extended scheme for the preparation of a stationary entangled state between two mechanical modes. By relying on intrinsic properties of the mechanical beam only, this approach offers an interesting alternative for quantum manipulation schemes of mechanical systems, where otherwise efficient optomechanical interactions are not available.

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Optomechanical Quantum Control of a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond

Cited by 254 publications

References 45 publications

Nanomechanical Sensing Using Spins in Diamond

Nanomechanical Sensing Using Spins in Diamond

Coherent Atom-Phonon Interaction through Mode Field Coupling in Hybrid Optomechanical Systems

Cooling phonons with phonons: Acoustic reservoir engineering with silicon-vacancy centers in diamond

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