Optomechanical inertial sensors

Hines, A. S.; Richardson, L.; Wisniewski, Hayden; Guzmán, F.

doi:10.1364/ao.393061

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In contrast, thermal noise represents the main disturbing and limiting factor in experiments that rely on highly sensitive mechanical and opto-mechanical systems. Examples are inertial sensors [12,13] as well as recently proposed gravitational-wave and dark matter sensors [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Spectral Density Analysis of Nanowire-Anchored Fluctuating Microbead Reveals a Double Lorentzian Distribution

et al. 2021

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In this work, we investigate the properties of a stochastic model, in which two coupled degrees of freedom are subordinated to viscous, elastic, and also additive random forces. Our model, which builds on previous progress in Brownian motion theory, is designed to describe water-immersed microparticles connected to a cantilever nanowire prepared by polymerization using two-photon direct laser writing (TPP-DLW). The model focuses on insights into nanowires exhibiting viscoelastic behavior, which defines the specific conditions of the microbead. The nanowire bending is described by a three-parameter linear model. The theoretical model is studied from the point of view of the power spectrum density of Brownian fluctuations. Our approach also focuses on the potential energy equipartition, which determines random forcing parametrization. Analytical calculations are provided that result in a double-Lorentzian power density spectrum with two corner frequencies. The proposed model explained our preliminary experimental findings as a result of the use of regression analysis. Furthermore, an a posteriori form of regression efficiency evaluation was designed and applied to three typical spectral regions. The agreement of respective moments obtained by integration of regressed dependences as well as by summing experimental data was confirmed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Spectral Density Analysis of Nanowire-Anchored Fluctuating Microbead Reveals a Double Lorentzian Distribution

et al. 2021

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“…In addition to the benchtop system we built in the laboratory, this noise correction algorithm can be applied to general heterodyne interferometers [ 7 , 9 ]. Furthermore, this algorithm makes it possible to improve the performance of existing heterodyne optical readout systems without changing their configurations.…”

Section: Noise Source Characterization and Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past decades, displacement measuring interferometry (DMI) has extended its application to gravitational wave (GW) detection, including free-falling test mass measurements in space-based gravitational wave detection as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) and its technology demonstrator, LISA Pathfinder [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ], intersatellite displacement measurements as in the mission GRACE Follow-On that utilizes a Laser Ranging Interferometer [ 6 ], and inertial sensor development for seismic activity monitoring in ground-based Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) [ 7 , 8 ]. The above applications require high sensitivity or, in other words, a low noise floor in the frequency regime between tens of micro-Hz to a few Hz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and Mitigation of Noise Contributions in a Compact Heterodyne Interferometer

Zhang

Hines

Valdes

et al. 2021

Sensors

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We present a noise estimation and subtraction algorithm capable of increasing the sensitivity of heterodyne laser interferometers by one order of magnitude. The heterodyne interferometer is specially designed for dynamic measurements of a test mass in the application of sub-Hz inertial sensing. A noise floor of 3.31×10−11m/Hz at 100 mHz is achieved after applying our noise subtraction algorithm to a benchtop prototype interferometer that showed a noise level of 2.76×10−10m/Hz at 100 mHz when tested in vacuum at levels of 3×10−5 Torr. Based on the previous results, we investigated noise estimation and subtraction techniques of non-linear optical pathlength noise, laser frequency noise, and temperature fluctuations in heterodyne laser interferometers. For each noise source, we identified its contribution and removed it from the measurement by linear fitting or a spectral analysis algorithm. The noise correction algorithm we present in this article can be generally applied to heterodyne laser interferometers.

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“…The quality factor, a unitless parameter indicating the sharpness of the resonance peak of the oscillator [ 14 ], is of particular interest in quantifying the performance of these sensors. Previous studies indicate that such systems are capable of attaining an exceptionally high quality factor over a range of high and low frequencies, providing a broad dynamic range for acceleration sensing [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. The use of highly accurate 3D manufacturing solutions has resulted in sensors with precise operating parameters that are uniquely suited to traditional estimation techniques without reliance on complex error models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, a sensor model and estimators for use with state of the art optomechanical inertial sensors [ 16 , 17 ] are presented. Firstly, a method for sensor calibration using a generalized input acceleration is presented using a discrete time Kalman filter to estimate the instantaneous sensor bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and Error Analysis for Optomechanical Inertial Sensors

Kelly

Majji

Guzmán

2021

Sensors

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A sensor model and methodology to estimate the forcing accelerations measured using a novel optomechanical inertial sensor with the inclusion of stochastic bias and measurement noise processes is presented. A Kalman filter for the estimation of instantaneous sensor bias is developed; the outputs from this calibration step are then employed in two different approaches for the estimation of external accelerations applied to the sensor. The performance of the system is demonstrated using simulated measurements and representative values corresponding to a bench-tested 3.76 Hz oscillator. It is shown that the developed methods produce accurate estimates of the bias over a short calibration step. This information enables precise estimates of acceleration over an extended operation period. These results establish the feasibility of reliably precise acceleration estimates using the presented methods in conjunction with state of the art optomechanical sensing technology.

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Optomechanical inertial sensors

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Power Spectral Density Analysis of Nanowire-Anchored Fluctuating Microbead Reveals a Double Lorentzian Distribution

Power Spectral Density Analysis of Nanowire-Anchored Fluctuating Microbead Reveals a Double Lorentzian Distribution

Investigation and Mitigation of Noise Contributions in a Compact Heterodyne Interferometer

Estimation and Error Analysis for Optomechanical Inertial Sensors

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