Optomechanical atom-cavity interaction in the sub-recoil regime

Keßler, Hans; Klinder, J.; Wolke, Matthias; Hemmerich, Andreas

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/16/5/053008

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This quantum criticality is the zero temperature limit of the spatial self-organization phase transition of atoms in a cavity [10] that has been observed in experiments [11,12]. Quantum criticality has been observed also in other closely related experiments [13,14] where one can invoke a variant of the Dicke model as a few-mode, simplified model to interpret the observations. There are also many theoretical generalizations to describe other exotic phases [15], such as magnetism [16], glassiness [17][18][19][20][21], or related self-ordering criticality with fermionic atoms [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Damping of quasiparticles in a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to an optical cavity

2014

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We present a general theory for calculating the damping rate of elementary density-wave excitations in a Bose-Einstein condensate strongly coupled to a single radiation field mode of an optical cavity. Thereby we give a detailed derivation of the huge resonant enhancement in the Beliaev damping of a density-wave mode, predicted recently by Kónya et al. [Phys. Rev. A 89, 051601(R) (2014)]. The given density-wave mode constitutes the polaritonlike soft mode of the self-organization phase transition. The resonant enhancement takes place, in both the normal and the ordered phases, outside the critical region. We show that the large damping rate is accompanied by a significant frequency shift of this polariton mode. Going beyond the Born-Markov approximation and determining the poles of the retarded Green's function of the polariton, we reveal a strong coupling between the polariton and a collective mode in the phonon bath formed by the other density-wave modes.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Damping of quasiparticles in a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to an optical cavity

2014

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“…This pump beam operates at the wavelength 803 l = nm, i.e., at large detuning to the negative side of the principle fluorescence lines of rubidium at 780 and 795 nm. The frequency of the pump beam is actively stabilized relative to the cavity resonance frequency with a technique described in detail in [21]. For a uniform atomic sample and left circular polarization of the pump beam, the cavity resonance frequency is dispersively shifted with respect to that of the empty cavity by an amount , which amounts to 2 k -, i.e., the cavity operates in the regime of strong cooperative coupling.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The appearance of a notable signature in the transmitted intensity (thus avoiding the extra expense of heterodyne techniques for phase detection) relies on sufficient back-action of the atoms upon the intra-cavity light field such that the periodic shift of the cavity resonance exceeds the cavity bandwidth. This requires operation of the cavity in the regime of strong cooperative coupling, which has been experimentally realized in standing wave [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] as well as in ring resonators [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situobservation of optomechanical Bloch oscillations in an optical cavity

et al. 2016

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It is shown experimentally that a Bose-Einstein condensate inside an optical cavity, operating in the regime of strong cooperative coupling, responds to an external force by an optomechanical Bloch oscillation, which can be directly observed in the light leaking out of the cavity. Previous theoretical work predicts that the frequency of this oscillation matches with that of conventional Bloch oscillations such that its in situ monitoring may help to increase the data acquisition speed in precision force measurements.

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“…In the present work, the main innovation is the use of a cavity with ultranarrow bandwidth on the order of the single-photon recoil frequency (36,37). The time scales for dissipation of the intracavity field and the coherent atomic evolution are similar.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamical phase transition in the open Dicke model

Klinder

Keßler

Wolke

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

300

272

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The Dicke model with a weak dissipation channel is realized by coupling a Bose-Einstein condensate to an optical cavity with ultranarrow bandwidth. We explore the dynamical critical properties of the Hepp-Lieb-Dicke phase transition by performing quenches across the phase boundary. We observe hysteresis in the transition between a homogeneous phase and a self-organized collective phase with an enclosed loop area showing power-law scaling with respect to the quench time, which suggests an interpretation within a general framework introduced by Kibble and Zurek. The observed hysteretic dynamics is well reproduced by numerically solving the mean-field equation derived from a generalized Dicke Hamiltonian. Our work promotes the understanding of nonequilibrium physics in open many-body systems with infinite range interactions.dynamical phase transition | critical behavior | Dicke model | quantum gas | cavity QED A lthough equilibrium phases in quantum many-body systems have been explored for a long time with great success, nonequilibrium phenomena in such systems are far less well understood (1). A paradigm for exploring nonequilibrium dynamics is the quench scenario, where a system parameter is subjected to a sudden change between two values associated with different equilibrium phases. Quantum degenerate atomic gases with their unique degree of control are particularly adapted for experimental quench studies (2, 3). For isolated quantum manybody systems a wealth of theoretical and experimental investigations of quench dynamics has appeared recently (4-11). A natural extension of such studies is to consider driven open systems, where dynamical equilibrium states can arise via a competition between dissipation and driving, and nonequilibrium transitions between such phases can occur as a function of some external control parameter (12-15). A nearly ideal experimental platform for this endeavor are quantum degenerate atomic gases subjected to optical high-finesse cavities, where the usual extensive control in cold gas systems can be combined with a precisely engineered coupling to the external bath of vacuum radiation modes (16).Here, we study a dynamical phase transition in the open Dicke model emulated in an atom-cavity system prepared near zero temperature. The Dicke model is a paradigmatic scenario of quantum many-body physics, still subject to intensive research despite a history more than half a century long (17-28). It describes the interaction of N two-level atoms with a common mode of the electromagnetic radiation field. Hepp and Lieb already pointed out in the 1970s that upon varying the coupling strength, this model possesses a second-order equilibrium quantum phase transition between a homogeneous phase, in which each atom interacts separately with the radiation mode, and a collective phase in which all atomic dipoles align to form a macroscopic dipole moment (19,22). It has been early suspected that the critical properties of the externally pumped open Dicke model should give rise to nonlinear hysteretic ...

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Optomechanical atom-cavity interaction in the sub-recoil regime

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Damping of quasiparticles in a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to an optical cavity

Damping of quasiparticles in a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to an optical cavity

In situobservation of optomechanical Bloch oscillations in an optical cavity

Dynamical phase transition in the open Dicke model

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