Optokinetic Eye Movements in Albino Rabbits: Inversion in Anterior Visual Field

Collewijn, H.; Winterson, Barbara J.; Dubois, M.F.W.

doi:10.1126/science.628845

Cited by 91 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Because mismatch of eye-specific input may induce interocular suppression (Sherman, 1974;Leamey et al, 2007), occluding one eye presumably removes one incompatible source, and therefore suppression, allowing the remaining contralateral input to mediate normal optomotor responses. The result is consistent with studies showing impaired visuomotor behavior in albino mice which have reduced ipsilateral projections (Balkema et al, 1981), and in rabbits when the anterior visual field is masked (Collewijn et al, 1978).…”

Section: Contralateral and Ipsilateral Sc Input Contributes To Visuomsupporting

confidence: 81%

Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A^−/−Mice

Haustead¹,

Lukehurst²,

Clutton³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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؊/؊ but disorganized in ephrin-A2/A5 ؊/؊ mice. The lack of integration of binocular input resulted in specific visual deficits, which could be reversed by occlusion of one eye. The discrepancy between anatomical and functional topography in both the ipsilateral and contralateral projections implies suppression of inappropriately located terminals. Moreover, the misalignment of ipsilateral and contralateral visual information in ephrin-A2/A5 ؊/؊ mice suggests a role for ephrin-As in integrating convergent visual inputs.

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Section: Contralateral and Ipsilateral Sc Input Contributes To Visuomsupporting

confidence: 81%

Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A^−/−Mice

Haustead¹,

Lukehurst²,

Clutton³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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“…Unfortunately, there is no anatomical evidence for a significant ipsilateral projection to the NOT in pigmented rabbits (Klooster et al, 1983). Thus, Collewijn et al (1978) and Winterson and Collewijn (1981) already suggest an alternative explanation: a change in early retinal cell proliferation affecting direction selectivity. This change in retinal cell proliferation and specification could also lead to a loss of direction selectivity in the NOT if it would cause erroneous convergence of retinal ganglion cells with different preferred directions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…There is a slight problem with the inversion model of Collewijn et al (1978). The model assumes that in pigmented rabbits a significant proportion of direction-selective retinal ganglion cells from temporal retina (which are stimulated from anterior visual field and prefer nasotemporal stimulus movement) projects ipsilaterally to the NOT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optokinetic Deficits in Albino Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo): A Behavioral and Electrophysiological Study

Hoffmann¹,

Garipis²,

Distler³

2004

J. Neurosci.

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We compared the horizontal optokinetic reaction (OKR) and response properties of retinal slip neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus (NOT-DTN) of albino and wild-type ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). In contrast to pigmented ferrets, we were unable to observe OKR in albino ferrets during binocular and monocular viewing using random dot full field stimulation and electrooculography (EOG). Observations during early postnatal life indicate that regular OKR is present in pigmented pups 3 d after eye opening but is absent at any stage during development in albino ferrets. Unilateral muscimol injections to inactivate all neurons in the NOT-DTN containing GABA A and GABA C receptors caused spontaneous horizontal nystagmus with slow phases away from the injected hemisphere in albino as well as in pigmented animals. Retinal slip neurons in the NOT-DTN of albino ferrets identified by antidromic activation from the inferior olive and orthodromic activation from the optic chiasm were well responding to intermittent bright light stimuli, but many showed a profound reduction of responsiveness to moving stimuli. The movement-sensitive neurons exhibited no clear direction selectivity for ipsiversive stimulus movement, a characteristic property of these neurons in pigmented ferrets and other mammals. Thus, the defect rendering albino ferrets optokinetically nonresponsive is located in the visual pathway subserving the OKR, namely in or before the NOT-DTN, and not in oculomotor centers.

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“…Since an anomalous optokinetic responsiveness was discovered in albino rabbits [5], the general applicability of albino rabbit data has been questioned. However, reexamination using pigmented rabbits as experimental subjects revealed an essential similarity between the data obtained from these two strains, except for certain quantitative differences [39][40][41].…”

Section: Operation Of the Cerebellar Neuronal Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Modifiable Neuronal Network of the Cerebellum

Ito

1984

Jpn.J.Physiol

124

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An outstanding feature of the cerebellum known since the classic histological work of Ramon y Cajal is the relative simplicity and highly ordered geometry of its neuronal network. The cerebellar neuronal network consists of five major types of cortical neurons (Purkinje, basket, stellate, Golgi, and granule cells), two major types of afferents (mossy and climbing fibers), and the subcortical cells in the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei. When the neuronal network structure of the cerebellum was comprehensively dissected and described in great detail in the 1960s, and summarized by ECCLES, ITO, and SZ.ENTAGOTHAI [8], it was taken as a challenge to understand more completely the complex functions of the central nervous system using these fundamental studies of the brain as groundwork for future elucidation. As the gap between our understanding of the brain and our knowledge of neuronal networks is in general so large, hope has arisen that cerebellar physiology may successfully fill the gap rather soon. Rigorous efforts using numerous newly-introduced techniques have been devoted during the past two decades, yielding remarkable progress that meets expectations at least to some extent. A number of problems remain to be solved, however, before we fully understand the cerebellum. It seems important at this point to review the major achievements of the past two decades in order to gain a clearer perspective of cerebellar physiology for the coming decade. I have recently written a monograph entitled "The Cerebellum and Neural Control" [23] in which I have taken this point of view. This article has a similar aim, but its theme is specifically centered around the plasticity of the cerebellar neuronal network and its function in cerebellar control mechanisms. A. STRUCTURES OF THE CEREBELLAR NEURONAL NETWORKDissection of structures in the cerebellar neuronal network has advanced greatly in the 1970s with the aid of numerous new experimental techniques and materials, such as immunohistochemistry, marker techniques utilizing axonal flow, high voltage electronmicroscopy, intracellular dye injection, in vitro preparations, mutant animals, tissue cultures, etc. The success in identifying the

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Optokinetic Eye Movements in Albino Rabbits: Inversion in Anterior Visual Field

Cited by 91 publications

References 35 publications

Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A^−/−Mice

Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A^−/−Mice

Optokinetic Deficits in Albino Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo): A Behavioral and Electrophysiological Study

The Modifiable Neuronal Network of the Cerebellum

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Optokinetic Eye Movements in Albino Rabbits: Inversion in Anterior Visual Field

Cited by 91 publications

References 35 publications

Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A−/−Mice

Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A−/−Mice

Optokinetic Deficits in Albino Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo): A Behavioral and Electrophysiological Study

The Modifiable Neuronal Network of the Cerebellum

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Product

Resources

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Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A^−/−Mice

Functional Topography and Integration of the Contralateral and Ipsilateral Retinocollicular Projections ofEphrin-A^−/−Mice