Optogenetic control of body movements via flexible vertical light-emitting diodes on brain surface

Lee, Seung Hyun; Kim, Jeongjin; Shin, Jung Ho; Lee, Han Eol; Kang, Il‐Suk; Gwak, Kiuk; Kim, Dae‐Shik; Kim, Daesoo; Lee, Keon Jae

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.12.011

Cited by 71 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Packaging is another crucial technology to realize fully operational optoelectronic systems, enabling the interconnection of core and peripheral electronics . Various packaging methods such as wire, flip‐chip, and wafer bonding have been developed .…”

Section: Research Trends Of µLed Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flexible µLEDs have been widely utilized in biomedical applications, including biosensors, healthcare devices, and optogenetic stimulators, due to its outstanding biocompatibility, low heating property, and excellent stability . Optogenetics is a promising cortical mapping technology, in which the microsized neural cells are stimulated using visible light for behavior control . Low heat from a photostimulator is essential to minimize brain tissue damage in optogenetic applications.…”

Section: Research Applications Of µLedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure shows examples of flexible biomedical devices using thin‐film µLEDs. Figure a displays a photograph of an f‐VLED optical module inserted under a mouse skull through a small cranial slit . High‐performance red f‐VLEDs with optical power density of 25 mW mm −2 wrapped the corrugated and curved mouse brain, and photostimulated the red‐shifted channelrhodopsin (chrimson) to modulate mouse whisker and forelimb movements.…”

Section: Research Applications Of µLedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro Light‐Emitting Diodes for Display and Flexible Biomedical Applications

Lee

Shin

Park

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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140

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Inorganic-based micro light-emitting diodes (µLEDs) have witnessed significant improvements in terms of display and biomedical applications, which can shift the paradigm of future optoelectronic systems. In particular, µLED displays are on the verge of becoming the next big interface platform for visual communications, expanding to various internet of things and wearable/bioapplications. Novel µLED concepts need to be upgraded to be able to satisfy their potential optoelectric applications, such as virtual reality, smart watches, and medical sensors for individual computing in this hyperconnected society. Here, representative progresses in the field of flexible µLEDs are reviewed with regard to device structures, massive µLED transfers, methods for performance enhancement, and applications.

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Section: Research Trends Of µLed Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Research Applications Of µLedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Research Applications Of µLedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro Light‐Emitting Diodes for Display and Flexible Biomedical Applications

Lee

Shin

Park

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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140

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“…In particular, flexible memory is regarded as a vital component for high‐performance flexible electronics considering its fundamental functions in signal processing, data storage, and interdevice communication. Furthermore, a flexible artificial synapse can be employed in an implantable BMI, providing a valuable route to restore damaged neural functions such as vision, hearing, movement, and even complex cognitive behaviors …”

Section: Flexible Memristive Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconventional Inorganic‐Based Memristive Devices for Advanced Intelligent Systems

Sung

Kim

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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The latest progresses in software engineering such as cloud computing, big data analysis, and machine learning have accelerated the emergence of advanced intelligent systems (AIS). However, the current computing system has significant challenges in dealing with unstructured data (e.g., image, voice, physiological signals) because the von‐Neumann bottleneck induces latency and power consumption issues. Neuromorphic computing, which imitates the behaviors of neuron and synapse within the biological neural network, is considered a promising solution beyond von‐Neumann architecture, since its collocated structure of processor and memory enables parallel processing of unstructured data with remarkable efficiency. Memristors are considered as next‐generation nonvolatile memory devices due to fast speed, low power, and excellent scalability. However, a low reliability and leakage current issues remain as obstacle to the commercialization of memristors. Memristive devices have been widely investigated as a strong candidate for artificial synapses since their resistance modulation characteristics under electrical stimulus are analogous to the plasticity of the brain synapse. Although emulation of synaptic behavior by single memristor cells is demonstrated by many researchers, the development of fully functional memristive neural network requires further investigations. This paper introduces the recent advances and developments in the field of inorganic‐based unconventional memristive devices for future AIS applications.

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“…In addition, an ultrathin TFT and Si‐based large‐scale integration (LSI) were demonstrated for high‐density flexible electronics . Beyond the front‐end device level, flexible packaging has been developed to interconnect core and peripheral modules to realize fully operational system‐on‐plastic (SoP) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Electronics for Flexible and Neuromorphic Computing

Lee

Park

Kim

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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REVIEWbeing converged with artificial intelligence (AI) by providing users' biological and behavioral signals collected in wearable biodevices, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] offering intelligent services based on big data cloud computing and machine learning. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] A number of research groups have demonstrated flexible memories, thin film transistors (TFTs), and integrated circuits (ICs) as key technology for data processing, information storage, and communication. [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] Since Kim et al. [50] reported functional flexible resistive random access memory (RRAM), various chalcogenidebased phase change memories (PCMs) [51][52][53][54] as well as RRAMs using inorganic (e.g., WO 3 , Al 2 O 3 , HfO 2 , TiO 2 ), [45,49,50,[55][56][57] carbon (graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)), [58][59][60][61][62][63][64] and organic materials [65][66][67][68] have been fabricated on polymer films. In addition, an ultrathin TFT and Si-based large-scale integration (LSI) were demonstrated for high-density flexible electronics. [8,69,70] Beyond the front-end device level, flexible packaging has been developed to interconnect core and peripheral modules to realize fully operational system-on-plastic (SoP). [71][72][73][74][75] Neuromorphic computing systems (brain-inspired model of parallel neuron network) are considered as a promising technology for AI applications, overcoming the limitation of von Neumann architecture (serial and iterative processing) for intelligent data analysis and low power consumption. [76][77][78][79][80][81] With the rapid advancement in the electronics (e.g., memristor, PCM, and TFT) on plastics or any type of surface, [82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90] emulation of biological synapses (adaptive synaptic weight, [91][92][93][94] and spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) [95][96][97][98][99] of neurons) is being demonstrated on flexible substrate, which realizes an era of merged electronics toward cognitive IoT, physiological sensor, wearable computer, and autonomous driving system. [92,100] Here, we present recent progress in the field of electronics for flexible and neuromorphic applications that can be classified into four main categories: i) various devices (e.g., resistive memory, PCM, TFT, and IC) on plastic for computing, ii) flexible electronic systems using large-scale interconnection and packaging, iii) electronics for neuromorphic engineering, and iv) promising research areas of flexible synaptic applications. In addition, we have organized the main features of the studies in each section as a table to clearly compare their performance and challenges. The new electronic concept of a flexible and Emerging classes of flexible electronic systems that can be attached to a wide range of surfaces from wearable clothes to internal organs have driven significant advances in communication protocols (e.g., Internet of Things, augmented reality) and clinical research, shifting today's personal computing paradigm. The field of "system ...

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Optogenetic control of body movements via flexible vertical light-emitting diodes on brain surface

Cited by 71 publications

References 34 publications

Micro Light‐Emitting Diodes for Display and Flexible Biomedical Applications

Micro Light‐Emitting Diodes for Display and Flexible Biomedical Applications

Unconventional Inorganic‐Based Memristive Devices for Advanced Intelligent Systems

Novel Electronics for Flexible and Neuromorphic Computing

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