BACKGROUND
Scalp melanoma is aggressive and has a proclivity for regional metastasis. We hypothesize that subperiosteal scalp melanoma resection reduces in-transit/satellite recurrence, when compared to subgaleal resection.
METHODS
We identified patients with intermediate to deep, primary scalp melanoma referred to head/neck surgery over an eight-year period. Patients were compared based on scalp resection depth, including subperiosteal (resection to the level of calvarium) and subgaleal (resection including skin, subcutaneous tissue, and galea). The dependent variables were in-transit/satellite recurrence and time to in-transit/satellite recurrence.
RESULTS
Among 48 identified patients, the in-transit/satellite recurrence rate was 16.7%. Subgaleal resection patients had higher in-transit/satellite recurrence rates than subperiosteal resection patients (24.0% vs. 8.7%, p=0.155). Among node-negative patients, subgaleal resection had significantly higher in-transit/satellite metastasis rates when compared to subperiosteal resection (26.3% vs. 0%, p=0.047).
CONCLUSION
For node-negative, primary scalp melanoma, subperiosteal resection significantly decreases in-transit/satellite recurrence when compared to subgaleal resection. Given our small sample size, further studies are necessary to confirm these results.