Optimum temperature for growth of juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma

Kooka, Kouji; Yamamura, Orio; Nishimura, Akira; Hamatsu, Tomonori; Yanagimoto, Takashi

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2007.03.003

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The proportion of recovered energy in the present study is similar to the previous report in Nile tilapia (Xie et al 1997b) reared in same research system while different with that different research system (Xie et al 1997a): 100 ME = 66.1 HE/ME + 33.9 RE/ME (the present study, at 31°C) 100 ME = 77.5 HE/ME + 24.0 RE/ME (Xie et al 1997a, at 30°C) 100 ME = 62.4 HE/ME + 37.6 RE/ME (Xie et al 1997b, at 30°C) Decreased fish body energy content with increased water temperature has been reported in juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma (Kooka et al 2007). Energy content in Nile tilapia in the present study was not significantly affected by water temperature, which was similar to .…”

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confidence: 46%

“…The proportion of food energy channelled into growth energy was significantly lower at highest water temperature in the present study. Decreased growth efficiency in energy with increased water temperature had been reported in juvenile walleye Pollock (T. chalcogramma) (Kooka et al 2007). Sun et al (2006) reported that juvenile cobia showed lower growth energy at lower or higher water temperature.…”

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confidence: 85%

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Effect of water temperature on energy budget of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Xie

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2010

Aquaculture Nutrition

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A 21-day growth trial was undertaken to investigate the effect of water temperature (25, 28, 31, 34, 37°C) on growth, feed utilization and energy budget of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (initial body weight around 12 g) with four replicates at each temperature. Feed intake energy (IE), recovered energy (RE), faecal energy (FE), excretory energy (UE + ZE) and heat energy (HE) were calculated to obtain the energy budget. The results showed that feeding rate and ammonia excretion were not significantly affected by water temperature. Specific growth rate in wet weight (SGRw) and FE was significantly lower in the fish reared at 37°C while no significant difference was observed between the fish reared at 25-34°C. Protein retention efficiency was highest at 28°C and lowest at 37°C. The proportion of IE channelled into RE and UE + ZE was lower while those lost in HE was higher in the fish reared at 37°C. The optimal growth temperature was estimated as 30.1°C based on the regression of SGR and water temperature. Energy budget at maximum growth (34°C) was: 100 IE = 27.0 RE + 1.1 (ZE + UE) + 10.6 FE + 59.2 HE. HE accounted for 69.3% and RE for 30.7% of metabolizable energy. KEY WORDS

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confidence: 46%

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of water temperature on energy budget of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Xie

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2010

Aquaculture Nutrition

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“…4a). Under a sufficient food supply, juvenile pollock increased both body mass and energy density (Kooka et al 2007b). Thus, prey were likely limited but not completely depleted during the first half of winter for offshore fish during the 2003-2004 season and from autumn through winter for both inshore and offshore fish in the 2004-2005 season.…”

Section: Seasonal Energy Allocation and Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, juvenile Atlantic cod in cold-water eelgrass habitats exhibited consistent growth with reduced lipid reserves until the onset of winter, suggesting strong predation pressure (Copeman et al 2008). In the laboratory, juvenile gadoid fishes are generally capable of feeding and growth in cold waters (Brown et al 1989;Kooka et al 2007b). Thus, they are able to avoid both starvation and predation by accumulating protein reserves under cold conditions with low prey availability and in the presence of predators.…”

Section: Seasonal Energy Allocation and Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter energy allocation and deficit of juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the Doto area, northern Japan

Kooka

Yamamura

2011

Environ Biol Fish

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Seasonal energy allocation and deficits of marine juvenile fishes have considerable effects on their survival. To explore the winter survival mechanism of marine fishes with low lipid reserves in their early life, juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma were collected along the continental shelf of northern Japan over a 2-year period, and energy allocation and deficit patterns were compared between wild and laboratory-starved fish. Contrary to expectations, wild fish generally continued to accumulate protein mass and concurrently tended to reduce lipid mass from late autumn through winter. The most plausible explanation for the continuous structural growth is that juvenile pollock give priority to reducing mortality risk from size-selective predators under quasiprey-limited conditions. Exceptionally, inshore small fish reduced both constituents during a winter. The inshore fish consumed 2.5 times more lipid energy than protein energy in November-December, but protein was more important than lipids as a source of energy in December-January and in FebruaryMarch. However, dependence upon protein reserves was lower for the wild fish than for the laboratorystarved fish, suggesting milder nutritional stress of the wild fish than that observed in the starvation experiment. Moreover, the lipid contents of mortalities in the starvation experiment were mostly <1%, whereas few wild fish had such lipid contents in the field. These results suggest that juvenile pollock are able to avoid both starvation and predation by accumulating protein reserves.

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“…It is difficult to conclude from these data whether day length or water temperature had greater influence on the growing season. Day length was better synchronized with the growing season, but late-summer water temperatures >9°C might have depressed growth by decreasing gross growth efficiency (Kooka et al 2007). For future studies, we suggest that postannulus otolith growth analysis be included in field work aimed at resolving environmental control of walleye pollock growth and ecology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The first annulus of otoliths: a tool for studying intra-annual growth of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma)

2011

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We quantified the growing season of yearling walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) and related it to annual cycles of water temperature and day length. The study was restricted to members of the 2000 year class and thereby controlled for interannual variability. Juveniles were sampled from the year class during 10 cruises in the western Gulf of Alaska (GOA). Fifty percent of juveniles exhibited an annulus on 16 March 2001 (± 11 days 95% confidence interval). No regional difference was detected in the timing of annulus formation or in post-annulus growth trajectories. A model, derived from growth trajectories, estimated that the growing season lasted 204 days (22 March to 13 October 2001) and that growth rate peaked at 0.59 mm day −1 on 2 July 2001. Growth rate increased with day length and water temperature during spring and decreased in late summer possibly due to thermal stress. Secondarily, we explored the utility of otolith size at the first annulus as a natural tag to identify nursery area, but this potential was curtailed by overlap in length among regions. Our results indicate that the first annulus can be used to advance our understanding of climate forcing on marine fish growth by providing fine temporal resolution of the growing season.

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Optimum temperature for growth of juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of water temperature on energy budget of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Effect of water temperature on energy budget of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Winter energy allocation and deficit of juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the Doto area, northern Japan

The first annulus of otoliths: a tool for studying intra-annual growth of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma)

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