Optimum temperature and salinity conditions for growth of green algae Chlorella ellipsoidea and Nannochloris oculata

Abstract

The effects of temperature and salinity on growth of green algae Chlorella ellipsoidea and Nannochloris oculata were determined to compare the optimum culture conditions. A fourtemperature (15, 20, 25, and 30°C) ¥ three-salinity (10, 20, and 30) factorial design with triplicates was applied. Specific growth rate (SGR), maximum density, and duration to reach maximum density of C. ellipsoidea were significantly affected by both temperature and salinity. The highest SGR was observed in C. ellipsoidea at 25°C and salinity 10, but the maximum density was very low. The highest maximum density was achieved in C. ellipsoidea at 15°C and 10. The slope constant of the linear relationship between semilogarithmic growth of C. ellipsoidea and day of culture was highest at 15°C and 10. The SGR and duration to reach maximum density of N. oculata were significantly affected by both temperature and salinity. However, maximum density of N. oculata was significantly affected by temperature, but not salinity. The highest maximum density was achieved in N. oculata at 25°C and 30, but SGR was significantly lower than that of N. oculata at 25°C and 10. The slope constant of the linear relationship between semilogarithmic growth of N. oculata and day of culture was highest at 25°C and 30. Based on these results, the condition of 15°C and salinity 10 seemed to be optimal for maximum density of C. ellipsoidea, and the condition of 25°C and 10 and 30 for SGR and maximum density for N. oculata, respectively.

The Physiological Response of Picophytoplankton to Temperature and Its Model Representation

“…Hence, the differences in temperature optima may also be attributed to the natural variability of ecotypes, which may be linked to the adaptation to different light conditions (Johnson et al, 2006;Zinser et al, 2007). The optimum temperatures for picoeukaryotes obtained within the present study are similar to those presented in previous studies (20-25 • C) (Throndsen, 1976;Cho et al, 2007). A full description of the light response at constant temperature of some of these strains will be published in a separate paper (Stawiarski et al, in prep.…”

Selection of Suitable Species of Chlorella, Nannochloris, and Nannochloropsis in High- and Low-Temperature Seasons for Mass Culture of the Rotifer Brachionus plicatilis

“…The growth of rotifers depends on the kind of microalgae used as feed (Hirayama et al, 1979;Cho et al, 2007). Various kinds of microalgae as feed for rotifers have been reported, with Nannochloropsis, Nannochloris, and Chlorella, which are highly nutritious and suitable for high density culture, being the most widely used in mass culture.…”

“…Phaeodactylum tricornutum, which belongs to the Bacillariophyceae, shows a higher growth rate than C. ellipsoidea at low temperature. However, it is also reported to be inadequate as a rotifer feed because its dietary value is lower than that of C. ellipsoidea (Hur, 1991;Cho et al, 2007).…”

“…Thus, in spite of the high costs incurred on the mass culture of rotifers, live microalgae are still preferred by hatcheries (Hur, 1991;Borowitzka, 1997). Chlorella, Nannochloris, and Nannochloropsis have been well-known to be easily mass-cultured and to have high contents of protein or unsaturated fatty acids (Chini Zittelli et al, 1999;Hu and Gao, 2003;Cho et al, 2007). However, they are also at high risk of sudden mortality at temperatures over 30 o C, and their low growth rates in water temperatures under 10 o C are problematic (Fukusho et al, 1985;Hur, 1991).…”

Investigation into the Potential use of Inland Saline Groundwater for the Production of Live Feeds for Commercial Aquaculture Purposes

“…Algae, which form the base of the food web, are primary producers, and are used as an enrichment diet for zooplankton such as rotifers, Artemia and copepods. The importance of zooplankton in aquaculture is well established and has been mentioned in considerable detail elsewhere [1][2][3][4].…”