Optimum standardized ileal digestible tryptophan to lysine ratio for pigs weighing 7–14kg

Nørgaard, J.V.; Pedersen, Trine Friis; Soumeh, Elham Assadi; Blaabjerg, K.; Canibe, Nuria; Jensen, Bent Borg; Poulsen, Hanne

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2015.02.012

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…3), respectively. These results are in agreement with previous studies, (Shen et al 2012;Capozzalo et al 2015;Norgaard et al 2015) which reported that increasing the dietary SID Trp : Lys, resulted in a linear decline in PUN content in weaned pigs. Therefore, these levels might not be sufficient for piglets reared under commercial production conditions, whereby the chances of infections are high, and especially during the immediate post-weaning period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In this study, under CL conditions, the PUN concentration on day 14 declined as the dietary Trp : Lys increased. These results are in agreement with previous studies, (Shen et al 2012;Capozzalo et al 2015;Norgaard et al 2015) which reported that increasing the dietary SID Trp : Lys, resulted in a linear decline in PUN content in weaned pigs. A decrease in PUN indicates either an increase in nitrogen use efficiency or a decrease in protein breakdown, which could be a result of anabolic factors such as growth hormone or protein synthesis (Shen et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Effects of different dietary tryptophan : lysine ratios and sanitary conditions on growth performance, plasma urea nitrogen, serum haptoglobin and ileal histomorphology of weaned pigs

Jayaraman

Htoo

Nyachoti

2016

Animal Science Journal

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A total of 180 mixed-sex pigs (Duroc × (Yorkshire × Landrace); average initial body weight of 7.36 ± 0.2 kg) weaned at 21 ± 1 days were fed corn-soybean meal-wheat-based diets to determine the optimal standardized ileal digestible (SID) tryptophan to lysine ratio (Trp : Lys) in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement (two sanitary conditions: clean (CL) and unclean (UCL), and five dietary treatments (SID Trp : Lys (16, 18, 20, 22 and 24%)). In each sanitary condition, blood was collected on days 0 and 14 to determine plasma urea nitrogen and on day 14, ileal tissue (one pig per pen) was collected for the measurement of gut morphology. Pigs kept under UCL conditions had lower growth rate (P < 0.05) than under CL conditions. Under CL conditions, the estimated optimal SID Trp : Lys for average daily gain (ADG) was 19.7% whereas under UCL conditions these values were 20.5% and 19.0% for ADG and gain-to-feed ratio, respectively. Under CL conditions, increasing SID Trp : Lys reduced (linear, P = 0.05) plasma urea nitrogen concentration but had no effect (P > 0.10) on villous height (VH), crypt depth ( CD) and VH : CD. In conclusion, an SID Trp : Lys to optimize ADG for pigs raised under UCL conditions was higher (4%) than CL conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of different dietary tryptophan : lysine ratios and sanitary conditions on growth performance, plasma urea nitrogen, serum haptoglobin and ileal histomorphology of weaned pigs

Jayaraman

Htoo

Nyachoti

2016

Animal Science Journal

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“…Total lysine requirements (i.e., total lysine level) of the female broiler breeders were evaluated through both LP and QP models from Nørgaard et al (2015) and Wickramasuriya et al (2016) in the current study. The mean values from two models were higher than established lysine levels of female broiler breeders when growth performances were compared to practical target growth performances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard Body Weight and Serum Estradiol and Progesterone Concentrations in Response to Total Lysine Content in Female Broiler Breeders from 14 to 42 Days after Hatch

Kim

Rew

Shin

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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This study was conducted to determine the total lysine requirement for female broiler breeders from days 14 to 42. Two-hundred and ten female broiler breeders were used in a completely randomized design with 6 replicates per treatment and 5 chicks per pen under restricted feeding. The contents of total lysine used in this experiment were 0.68, 0.72, 0.76, 0.80, 0.84, 0.88 and 0.92% in the diet. A basal diet was formulated to meet or to exceed the Ross 308 female broiler breeders' nutrient specifications except for the lysine. Body weight and feed intake were measured to calculate feed efficiency, and body weight uniformity was defined on a weekly basis. One chick per pen was randomly selected to collect blood samples, organ and an abundance of sexual maturity associated miRNAs (miR-21, mi-26a and mi-375) in the plasma was measured on day 42. Increasing total lysine contents in the diet improved body weight gain and feed conversion ratio from days 14 to 42. The combined values from the two models for BW, average daily gain and feed efficiency were estimated at 1.04, 1.00 and 1.21% total lysine, respectively. Total lysine contents did not affect the ovary weight, serum estradiol-17β, serum progesterone and plasma urea nitrogen or the expression levels of the three miRNAs on day 42. Therefore, the results from the current study indicated that female broiler breeders fed on 0.68% total lysine could achieve the recommended BW, suggested by field practice when data were fitted into the overlapped point of linear-, and quadratic-plateau models.

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“…Although the study was carried out only to determine the Lys level, when determining the Trp:Lys ratio in diets that promoted better performance a Trp:Lys ratio of 18.2:100 and 16.9:100 was calculated for weight gain and F:G, respectively. Similarly, Nørgaard et al (2015) by fitting a curvelinear -plateau model, based on ADFI, ADG and G:F, estimated a SID Trp:Lys ratio of 20:100, 20:100 and 16:100 respectively, and when fitting a broken-line model a SID Trp:Lys ratio of 18:100, 18:100 and 15:100 were estimated, respectively, for pigs from 7 to 14 kg.…”

Section: Aamentioning

confidence: 97%

Simultaneous determination of standardized ileal digestible tryptophan and lysine for barrows from 15 to 30kg live weight

et al. 2015

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The digestible amino acid (AA) determination of ingredients, or experimental diets, are essential in obtaining the real levels of AA that are being studied, as well as of other indispensable AA, because the lack of a single indispensable AA may limit pig growth performance. Two experiments were conducted to determine the optimum levels and the ideal ratio of standardized ileal digestible (SID) Trp and Lys for barrows from 15 to 30 kg of live weight. The first experiment (Exp. 1) was conducted to determine the SID AA content of the basal diet used in the growth performance study (Exp. 2). Ten crossbred barrows (21.57 1.6 kg live weight) were used in Exp. 1. Pigs were fed a basal diet and a protein free diet to determine the SID of Trp, Lys, and all other indispensable AA of the basal diet. In Exp. 2, 64 barrows (15.0 71.6 kg) were allotted to 16 diets in a 4 Â 4 factorial arrangement of treatments (1.55, 1.85, 2.15, and 2.45 g SID Trp and 9.72, 11.12, 12.52, and 13.92 g SID Lys/kg) with 4 replications per treatment. In both Exp. 1 and 2, each pig was considered as an experimental unit. Growth performance, Longissimus muscle (LM), backfat thickness, and plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) were evaluated. Average daily feed intake and average daily gain increased linearly (Po 0.05) with increasing levels of SID Trp. There was a quadratic effect (P¼ 0.04) of dietary SID Trp and Lys levels on the gain:feed, and the optimal levels were estimated to be 2.1 (0.65 g/Mcal ME) and 11.98 g/kg (3.71 g/Mcal ME), respectively, resulting in a SID Trp:Lys of 17.5:100. A quadratic effect of SID Trp (P¼ 0.021) and Lys (P ¼0.026) levels on LM was observed, and the optimum levels were 2.08 and 11.36 g/kg diet, respectively, with a Trp:Lys of 18.3:100. The amount of PUN decreased linearly (P¼ 0.004) as SID Lys increased. For pigs used in our study (between 15 and 30 kg live weight), the SID Trp and SID Lys requirements are 2.10 and 11.98 g/kg, respectively. The corresponding Trp:Lys are 17.5:100.

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Optimum standardized ileal digestible tryptophan to lysine ratio for pigs weighing 7–14kg

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of different dietary tryptophan : lysine ratios and sanitary conditions on growth performance, plasma urea nitrogen, serum haptoglobin and ileal histomorphology of weaned pigs

Effects of different dietary tryptophan : lysine ratios and sanitary conditions on growth performance, plasma urea nitrogen, serum haptoglobin and ileal histomorphology of weaned pigs

Standard Body Weight and Serum Estradiol and Progesterone Concentrations in Response to Total Lysine Content in Female Broiler Breeders from 14 to 42 Days after Hatch

Simultaneous determination of standardized ileal digestible tryptophan and lysine for barrows from 15 to 30kg live weight

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