Abstract-Reduction of air conditioning loads in the built environment is one of the most important challenges in tropical countries like India, where energy shortages are common particularly during summers. Enhancing the thermal resistance of building envelope through insulation is one of the techniques commonly used. Most of the insulating materials available in the market are synthetic polymeric compounds made up of petrochemicals, e.g. Expanded polystyrene, Extruded polystyrene, Glass wool etc . Sustainability concept in the building sector has gradually led to the production of sustainable insulation products made of natural materials. This paper presents energy conservation and CO 2 emission reduction potential of some building insulation products made of unconventional and natural materials, e.g. Bagasse, Sunflower leaves, Pineapple leaves, Reeds, Cardboard etc. For this purpose, energy simulations have been performed for different natural insulation materials of various thicknesses, which are proposed for a commercial bank building located at MNNIT, Allahabad, UP, India. The annual energy reduction ranges between 10% to 20 % and CO 2 reduction varies from 1.2 to 2.4 tonsof CO 2 per year. As most of the sustainable insulation products are still at an early stage of production, their investment costs are not commercially available except for cardboard (Gutex) insulation. The simple payback period for Gutex insulation was estimated to be 5 years for 20 mm thickness. The use of natural materials leads to several environmental benefits. The use of agro-residues and their by products can reduce the use of polymeric insulation used in air conditioned buildings. This would help in reducing electricity demand particularly during summers, along with reduction in CO 2 emissions and associated economic benefits.