Optimum design and operating conditions of multiple effect evaporators: Tomato paste

Comprehensive exergy analysis of a commercial tomato paste plant with a double-effect evaporator

“…Hence, the most appropriate number of evaporators (effects) must be specified using powerful engineering tools such as exergy analysis and its extensions in order to achieve a cost-effective and eco-friendly tomato paste production plant. It is worth noting that several authors optimized the effect number of evaporative systems by considering only the evaporation units through conventional energy analysis [31,32]. However, it should be mentioned that the outcomes of such studies might lead to misleading results because of ignoring the other important units of the plants like steam generator, cooling towers, sterilization unit, cooling unit, etc.…”

Effect of thermo-compression on the design and performance of falling-film multi-effect evaporator

“…Foodstuffs undergo the evaporation process to lengthen their lifespan, reduce storage volume or to obtain a specific consistency. Thermally-sensitive foods are processed in evaporators that do not harm the product using low temperatures and a short residence time (Simpson et al, 2008), as in the case of a falling-film evaporator (Minton, 1986). Evaporation is a process that requires a considerable amount of concentrated has properties that depend on both temperature and composition.…”

“…Another possible optimization strategy is to obtain a response surface by changing the entry variables (flow, composition and the number of effects). This alternative was used to determine optimum operating conditions from experimental data (Zeboudj et al, 2005); optimal evaporation sequences with pre-heating systems (Kaya and Ibrahim Sarac, 2007); optimum number of effects using feed-flow variation (Simpson et al, 2008). The response surface has even been combined with genetic algorithms and neural networks to determine the optimization of annual energy costs (Janghorban Esfahani et al, 2012).…”

Effects of Cooling Water Flow Rate and Temperature on the Performance of a Multiple-Effect Evaporator

“…A review of the literature reveals the lack of such a model. Most of the literature is concerned with the use of multiple-effect evaporators for desalination (El-Dessouky et al, 1998) and concentrating black liquor (Bhargava et al, 2008;Mohanty, 2010, 2011), tomato paste (Simpson et al, 2008), and orange juice (Balkan et al, 2005). Significant modifications of these models are needed before they can be used to simulate the performance of multiple-effect evaporators in the sugar industry.…”