“…They include the backpropagation NN developed in the late 1980s (Rumelhart et al, 1986;Hung and Adeli, 1993), counterpropagation NN (Adeli and Park, 1995a;Sirca and Adeli, 2001;Dharia and Adeli, 2003), adaptive conjugate gradient neural network algorithm Hung, 1993, 1994;Adeli and Samant, 2000), recurrent NN (Samant and Adeli, 2001;Puscasu et al, 2009), radial basis function NN (RBNN) (Adeli and Karim, 2000;Adeli, 2002, 2003;Ghosh-Dastidar et al, 2008;Savitha et al, 2009), wavelet NN (Ghosh-Dastidar andAdeli and Jiang, 2006;Zou et al, 2008), spiking NN (Ghosh-Dastidar andAdeli, 2007;Rossello et al, 2009;Ghosh-Dastidar and Adeli, 2009a,b), neural dynamics models Park, 1995b,c, 1996;Adeli, 1995, 1997;Adeli and Karim, 1997a,b;Karim and Adeli, 1999;Adeli and Kim, 2001;Tashakori and Adeli, 2002;Ahmadkhanlou and Adeli, 2005), neuro-genetic models (Jiang and Adeli, 2008;Elragal, 2009), and the probabilistic neural network (PNN) (Specht, 1990). PNN is often used for classification purposes (Adeli and Panakkat, 2009).…”